Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography
BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Squalodon calvertensis

Description

Squalodon is an extinct genus of whales endemic to Oligocene to Miocene, belonging to the family Squalodontidae. Named by Jean-Pierre Sylvestre de Grateloup in 1840, it was originally believed to be an iguanodontid dinosaur but has since been reclassified. The name Squalodon comes from Squalus, a genus of shark. As a result, its name means "shark tooth." Its closest modern relative is the South Asian river Dolphin (with its two subspecies the Ganges river dolphin and Indus river dolphin).


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4971045https://www.gbif.org/species/4971045
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)68288https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=68288
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Squalodontidae : Squalodon : Squalodon calvertensis
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Squalodontidae : Squalodon : Squalodon calvertensis
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
orderCetaceaBrisson 1762
-PelagicetiUhen 2008
-NeocetiFordyce and de Muizon 2001
suborderOdontocetiFlower 1867
superfamilyPlatanistoideaSimpson 1945
familySqualodontidaeBrandt 1873
genusSqualodonGrateloup 1840
speciesSqualodon calvertensisKellogg 1923
Generic NameSqualodon
Scientific NameSqualodon calvertensis Kellogg, 1923
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Squalodon calvertensisspeciesbelongs to Squalodonstated without evidenceKellogg, 1923
Squalodon calvertensisspeciesbelongs to Squalodonstated with evidenceTanaka and Fordyce, 2014
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 20.4 Ma
Miocene
Last Recorded Appearance16.0 - 13.8 Ma
Miocene
Environmentmarine,freshwater (based on Odontoceti)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Cetacea)
Dietcarnivore (based on Odontoceti)
Reproductionviviparous (based on Odontoceti)
Ontogenymodification of parts (based on Cetacea)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite (based on Odontoceti)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Kellogg. 1923. Description of two squalodonts recently discovered in the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland; and notes on the shark-toothed cetaceans. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum 62(16):1-69
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalodon_calvertensis

Fossil Distribution

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1923Squalodon calvertensis Kellogg p. 45 figs. Plates 1-14
1930Squalodon calvertensis Hay p. 581
1984Squalodon calvertensis Whitmore p. 230
1994Squalodon calvertensis Gottfried et al. p. 233
2003Squalodon calvertensis Dooley p. 19
2008Squalodon calvertensis Uhen et al. p. 583
2008Squalodon calvertensis Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 183
2011Squalodon calvertensis Geisler et al. p. 5 figs. Table 1
2014Squalodon calvertensis Tanaka and Fordyce p. 27

References

Kellogg R. (1923) Description of two squalodonts recently discovered in the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland; and notes on the shark-toothed cetaceans, Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum 62 16, 1-69
Hay O. P. (1930) Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington 390 II, 1-1074
Whitmore F. C. (1984) Stratigraphy and paleontology of the outcropping Tertiary beds, Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Outcropping Tertiary Beds in the Pamunkey River Region, Central Virginia Coastal Plain, 227-231
Uhen M. D., Fordyce R. E., et al (2008) Odontoceti, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America II, 566-606
Whitmore F. C., Kaltenbach J. A. (2008) Neogene Cetacea of the Lee Creek Phosphate Mine, North Carolina, Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14, 181-269
Geisler J. H., McGowen M. R., et al (2011) A supermatrix analysis of genomic, morphological, and paleontological data from crown Cetacea, BMC Evolutionary Biology 11 112, 1-33
Tanaka Y., Fordyce R. E. (2014) Fossil dolphin Otekaikea marplesi (Latest Oligocene, New Zealand) expands the morphological and taxonomic diversity of Oligocene cetaceans, PLoS One 9 9, e107972 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107972
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
and/or  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: May 11, 2024 18:47:18
Go to top of page