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Tayassuidae

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Platygonus compressus

Franklin County, Nebraska, USA

Platygonus compressus

Franklin County, Nebraska, USA

Platygonus compressus

Franklin County, Nebraska, USA

Description

A peccary (also javelina or skunk pig) is a medium-sized pig-like hoofed mammal of the family Tayassuidae (New World pigs). They are found throughout Central and South America and in the southwestern area of North America. Peccaries usually measure between 90 and 130 cm (3.0 and 4.3 ft) in length, and a full-grown adult usually weighs about 20 to 40 kg (44 to 88 lb).

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayassuidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5303	https://www.gbif.org/species/5303
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42420	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42420

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Ungulata
order	Artiodactyla	Owen 1848
superfamily	Suoidea	Gray 1821
family	Tayassuidae	Palmer 1897

Common Name

peccary

Scientific Name

Tayassuidae

Name Published In

Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. vol.11 p.174

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suina	stated without evidence	Scott, 1940
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Artiodactyla	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suoidea	implied	Carroll, 1988
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Artiodactyla	implied	Nowak, 1991
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suoidea	stated without evidence	McKenna and Bell, 1997
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Artiodactyla	stated without evidence	Pickford and Morales, 1998
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suina	stated without evidence	Ursing et al., 2000
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suoidea	stated with evidence	Boisserie et al., 2005
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Artiodactyla	implied	Hulbert and Whitmore, 2006
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suina	stated without evidence	Agnarsson and May-Collado, 2008
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suina	stated with evidence	Spaulding et al., 2009
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suoidea	stated with evidence	Boisserie et al., 2010
Tayassuidae	family	belongs to Suina	stated without evidence	Stinnesbeck et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

124

Extant Size (PBDB)

14 (11%)

First Recorded Appearance

46.2 - 40.4 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore, omnivore

Ecospace Comments

life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

T. S. Palmer. 1897. Notes on The Nomenclature Of Four Genera Of Tropical American Mammals. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 11:173-174

Common Name(s)

Peccaries, Peccary

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayassuidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Doliochoerinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		8	33.9 Ma Oligocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Hesperhyinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		42	33.3 Ma Oligocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Tayassuinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		500	24.8 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Aptenohyus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Brasiliochoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Catagonus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Chacoan Peccary	12	10.3 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Cynorca ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	30.8 Ma Oligocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Desmathyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	28.1 Ma Oligocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Dubiotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.9 Ma Miocene
Dyseohyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Egatochoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Floridachoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Fremdohyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	33.3 Ma Oligocene	33.3 Ma Oligocene
Hesperhys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	30.8 Ma Oligocene	13.8 Ma Miocene
Lorancahyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Lucashyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	24.8 Ma Oligocene	24.8 Ma Oligocene
Macrogenis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		13	13.6 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Marshochoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	30.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Muknalia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Mylohyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		78	10.3 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Odoichoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Pecari genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pecarichoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	33.9 Ma Oligocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Perchoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	46.2 Ma Eocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Platygonus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		194	23.0 Ma Miocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Prosthennops ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		51	23.0 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene
Protherohyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	23.0 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Simojovelhyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	28.4 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Skinnerhyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	13.6 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Stuckyhyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	24.8 Ma Oligocene	24.8 Ma Oligocene
Sylvochoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Tayassu genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		28	10.3 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Thinohyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	33.3 Ma Oligocene	30.8 Ma Oligocene
Waldochoerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Woodburnehyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	13.6 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Wrightohyus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	24.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Prosthenops longirostris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Cynorcidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cynorcidae
Dicotylidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Dicotylidae
Prochoerus Leconte, 1848	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : *Prochoerus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1848	Prochoerus Leconte
1867	Cynorcidae Cope p. 144
1868	Dicotylidae Gray p. 21
1871	Cynorcidae Gill p. 122
1872	Cynorcidae Gill p. 93
1873	Cynorcidae Gill p. 27
1883	Dicotylidae Flower p. 184
1897	Tayassuidae Palmer p. 174
1910	Dicotylidae Gregory p. 466
1911	Dicotylidae Jaekel p. 234
1940	Tayassuidae Scott p. 493
1980	Tayassuidae Kurten and Anderson p. 295

Year	Name and Author
1988	Tayassuidae Carroll
1991	Tayassuidae Nowak
1997	Tayassuidae McKenna and Bell p. 397
1998	Tayassuidae Pickford and Morales p. 286
2000	Tayassuidae Ursing et al.
2005	Tayassuidae Boisserie et al.
2006	Tayassuidae Hulbert and Whitmore p. 6
2008	Tayassuidae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2
2009	Tayassuidae Spaulding et al.
2010	Tayassuidae Boisserie et al. p. 348
2017	Tayassuidae Stinnesbeck et al. p. 344

References

Palmer T. S. Notes on The Nomenclature Of Four Genera Of Tropical American Mammals, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 11, 173-174

Cope E. D. An addition to the vertebrate fauna of the Miocene period, with a synopsis of the extinct Cetacea of the United States, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 19 4, 138-157

Gill T. Synopsis of the primary subdivisions of the cetaceans, Communications of the Essex Institute 6, 121-126

Gill T. Arrangement of the Families of Mammals, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 11 230, 1-98

Flower W. H. On the arrangement of the Orders and Families of existing Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1883, 178-186

Gregory W. K. (1910) The orders of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 27, 1-524

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Scott W. B. (1940) The mammalian fauna of the White River Oligocene; Part 4, Artiodactyla; Part 5, Perissodactyla, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 28 4, 363-746

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II

McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640

Pickford M., Morales J. (1998) A tubulidentate suiform lineage (Tayassuidae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene of Spain, Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Serie II. Sciences de la Terre et des Planetes 237 4, 285-290

Boisserie J.-R., Lihoreau F., et al (2005) The position of Hippopotamidae within Cetartiodactyla, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102 5, 1537-1541

Hulbert R. C., Whitmore F. C. (2006) Late Miocene mammals from the Mauvilla Local Fauna, Alabama, Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 46 1, 1-28

Agnarsson I., May-Collado L. J. (2008) The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: The importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48, 964-985

Spaulding M., O'Leary M. A., et al (2009) Relationships of Cetacea (Artiodactyla) among mammals: Increased taxon sampling alters interpretations of key fossils and character evolution, PloS One 4 9, e7062

Boisserie J.-R., Lihoreau F., et al (2010) Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the earliest known hippopotamids (Cetartiodactyla, Hippopotamidae, Kenyapotaminae), Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 158, 325-266

Stinnesbeck S. R., Frey E., et al (2017) A new fossil peccary from the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary of the eastern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, Journal of South American Earth Sciences 77, 341-349 doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2016.11.003

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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