Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography
BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Megalonyx

Description

Megalonyx (Greek, "large claw") is an extinct genus of ground sloths of the family Megalonychidae, which was endemic to North America from the Hemphillian of the Late Miocene through to the Rancholabrean of the Pleistocene, living from ~10.3 Mya—11,000 years ago, existing for approximately 10.289 million years. The type species, M. jeffersonii, measured about 3 meters (9.8 ft) and weighed up to 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb).


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)8474690https://www.gbif.org/species/8474690
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)43603https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43603
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Megalonychidae : Megalonyx
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Xenarthra : Megalonychidae : Megalonyx
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)doubtful
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-AmericatheriaShockey 2017
-Xenarthra
infraorderPilosaFlower 1883
familyMegalonychidaeGervais 1855
genusMegalonyxHarlan 1825
Scientific NameMegalonyx Harlan, 1825
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Bradypidaestated without evidenceGray, 1825
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Megalonychidaestated without evidenceHarlan, 1825
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Rodimorphastated without evidenceCope, 1889
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Megatheriidaestated without evidenceHay, 1902
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Megalonychidaestated without evidenceKurten and Anderson, 1980
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to MegalonychidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Megalonychidaestated with evidenceGaudin, 1995
Megalonyxgenusbelongs to Megalonychidaestated without evidenceCisneros, 2005
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)10
First Recorded Appearance10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Last Recorded Appearance0.13 Ma
Pleistocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietfolivore (based on Megalonychidae)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Megalonyx curvidens
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
810.3 Ma
Miocene
10.3 Ma
Miocene
Megalonyx jeffersonii
species
listed (PBDB)Jefferson's Ground Sloth362.59 Ma
Pleistocene
0.13 Ma
Pleistocene
Megalonyx leptostomus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
224.90 Ma
Pliocene
1.80 Ma
Pleistocene
Megalonyx mathisi
species
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
110.3 Ma
Miocene
10.3 Ma
Miocene
Megalonyx obtusidens
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
11.80 Ma
Pleistocene
1.80 Ma
Pleistocene
Megalonyx validus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Megalonyx wheatleyi
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
114.90 Ma
Pliocene
0.13 Ma
Pleistocene
Megatherium jeffersonii
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
11.80 Ma
Pleistocene
1.80 Ma
Pleistocene
Morotherium gigas
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Megalonyx gracilis Lund, 1893GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Megalonychidae : Megalonyx : Megalonyx gracilis

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1825Megalonyx Gray p. 343
1825Megalonyx Harlan
1874Morotherium Marsh p. 531
1889Megalonyx Cope p. 660
1893Megalonyx gracilis Lund p. 219
1902Megalonyx Hay p. 577
1902Morotherium Hay p. 579
YearName and Author
1980Megalonyx Kurten and Anderson p. 136
1981Megalonyx Thurmond and Jones p. 178
1988Megalonyx Carroll
1995Megalonyx Gaudin
2005Megalonyx Cisneros p. 245
2007Megalonyx McDonald and Naples p. 154
2019Megalonyx Albright et al. p. 153

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals
Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344
Marsh O. C. Notice of new Tertiary mammals. III, American Journal of Science 7 41, 531-534 doi:10.2475/ajs.s3-7.41.531
Cope E. D. The Edentata of North America, American Naturalist 23 272, 657-664
Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868
Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442
Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Gaudin T. J. (1995) The ear region of edentates and the phylogeny of Tardigrada (Mammalia, Xenarthra), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15 3, 672-705
Cisneros J. C. (2005) New Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from El Salvador, Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 8 3, 239-255
McDonald H. G., Naples V. L. (2007) Xenarthra, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 2, 147-160
Albright L. B., Sanders A. E., et al (2019) Cenozoic vertebrate biostratigraphy of South Carolina, U.S.A. and additions to the fauna, Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 57 2, 77-236
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: April 28, 2024 18:30:35
Go to top of page