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Casuariiformes

Description

The Casuariiformes is an order of large flightless bird that has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary, and the only remaining species of emu. They are divided into either a single family, Casuariidae, or more typically two, with the emu splitting off into its own family, Dromaiidae.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)8602104https://www.gbif.org/species/8602104
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)39285https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=39285
Rankorder
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Casuariiformes
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
-OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithuraeHaeckel 1866
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
superorderPalaeognathaePycraft 1900
-Ratitae
superorderCasuariimorphaeLivezey and Zusi 2007
orderCasuariiformes
Common Namecassowary
Scientific NameCasuariiformes
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Casuariiformesorderbelongs to Neognathaestated with evidenceWetmore, 1960
Casuariiformesorderbelongs to PalaeognathaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Casuariiformesorderbelongs to Casuariimorphaestated with evidenceLivezey and Zusi, 2007
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)18
Extant Size (PBDB)11 (61%)
First Recorded Appearance28.4 - 16.0 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Common Name(s) Cassowaries, Emus, Cassowary, Emu And Cassowaries, Emus, Cassowarys
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casuariiformes

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Casuariidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1728.4 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Dromaiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1960Casuariiformes Wetmore p. 23
1988Casuariiformes Carroll
2007Casuariiformes Livezey and Zusi p. 89

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Wetmore A. (1960) A classification for the birds of the world, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 139 11, 1-37
Livezey B. C., Zusi R. L. (2007) Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 1, 1-95
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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