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Podicipedidae

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Description

Grebes are aquatic diving birds in the order Podicipediformes Grebes are widely distributed birds of freshwater, with some species also occurring in marine habitats during migration and winter. The order contains a single family, the Podicipedidae, which includes 22 species in six extant genera.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podicipedidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	9338	https://www.gbif.org/species/9338
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	39552	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=39552

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Neoaves	Sibley et al. 1988
-	Natatores	Baird 1858
-	Pygopodotubinares	Livezey and Zusi 2007
superorder	Gaviomorphae	Livezey and Zusi 2007
order	Podicipediformes	Fürbringer 1888
family	Podicipedidae	Bonaparte 1831

Scientific Name

Podicipedidae

Name Published In

Saggio Distrib. met. Anim. Vert.: 62

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Podicipedidae	family	belongs to Podicipediformes	stated without evidence	Lambrecht, 1933
Podicipedidae	family	belongs to Podicipediformes	implied	Carroll, 1988
Podicipedidae	family	belongs to Podicipediformes	stated without evidence	Bickart, 1990
Podicipedidae	family	belongs to Podicipediformes	stated with evidence	Livezey and Zusi, 2007
Podicipedidae	family	belongs to Podicipediformes	stated without evidence	Louchart et al., 2008
Podicipedidae	family	belongs to Podicipediformes	stated with evidence	Clements et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

19 (54%)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 23.0 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Coelurosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Common Name(s)

Grebes, Doppingar, Dukkarfamilien, Dykkerfamilien, Futen, カイツブリ, Ob. Dopping

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podicipedidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Podicipedini ✝ tribe	listed (PBDB)
Podilymbini tribe	listed (PBDB)
Aechmophorus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		31	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Colymbus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Pliolymbus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	1.81 Ma Pleistocene
Podiceps genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		79	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Podilymbus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		41	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Poliocephalus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Rollandia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Tachybaptus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1831	Podicipedidae Bonaparte
1933	Podicipedidae Lambrecht p. 261
1972	Podicipedidae Howard p. 3
1977	Podicipedidae Alvarez p. 207
1988	Podicipedidae Carroll
1990	Podicipedidae Bickart p. 10
1990	Podicipedidae Chandler p. 89
1992	Podicipedidae Emslie p. 251

Year	Name and Author
1992	Podicipedidae Guthrie p. 320
1992	Podicipedidae Parmalee p. 309
2001	Podicipedidae Olson and Rasmussen p. 248
2007	Podicipedidae Livezey and Zusi p. 90
2008	Podicipedidae Louchart et al. p. 149
2014	Podicipedidae del Hoyo et al.
2017	Podicipedidae Clements et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024

Howard H. (1972) Type specimens of avian fossils in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Contributions in Science, 1-27

Alvarez R. (1977) A Pleistocene avifauna from Jalisco, Mexico, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan 24 19, 205-220

Bickart K. J. (1990) The birds of the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene Big Sandy Formation, Mohave County, Arizona, Ornithological Monographs 44, 1-72

Chandler R. M. (1990) Fossil birds of the San Diego Formation, Late Pliocene, Blancan, San Diego County, California, Ornithological Monographs 44, 73-161

Emslie S. D. (1992) Two new late Blancan avifaunas from Florida and the extinction of wetland birds in the Plio-Pleistocene, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 36, 249-269

Guthrie D. A. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from San Miguel Island, California, Science Series (Los Angeles) 36, 319-327

Parmalee P. W. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from northwestern Alabama, Science Series, Los Angeles Museum of Natural History, Science, and Art 36, 307-318

Olson S. L., Rasmussen P. C. (2001) Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 233-365

Livezey B. C., Zusi R. L. (2007) Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 1, 1-95

Louchart A., Haile-Selassie Y., et al (2008) Fossil birds from the Late Miocene of Chad and Ethiopia and zooge- ographical implications, Oryctos 7, 147-167

del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017

Harrison, P. (1985). Seabirds: an identification guide. Revised edition. Christopher Helm Publisher. A & C Black: London, UK. ISBN 0-7136-3510-X. 448 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

van der Land, J. (2001). Tetrapoda, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 375-376 - via World Register of Marine Species

Melville, V.L. (1972) Opinion 981. Podicipedidae Bonaparte, 1831 (Aves); validated under the plenary powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 29 (1): 15-18 - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 981 Podicipedidae Bonaparte, 1831 (Aves); validated under the Plenary Powers.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 29, 15-18 (1972) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Larsson, L., Ekström, G., Larsson, E. & Gandemo, M. (2007) Birds of the World, 2:a uppl. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Bonaparte, C.L. (1831) Saggio di una distribuzione metodica degli animali vertebrati - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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