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Rakovanite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About RakovaniteHide

00923820014946723867866.jpg
John Rakovan
Formula:
(NH4)3Na3(V10O28) · 12H2O
formerly given as Na3(H3V10O28).15H2O; later, the ammonium ion was shown to be present and essential
Colour:
Orange
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine
Hardness:
1
Specific Gravity:
2.407 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Professor John Rakovan (b. 1964), Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, for his contributions to the field of mineralogy.
(Not to be confused with radovanite.)

Chemically similar to schindlerite. Also compare rowleyite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
40447
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:40447:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
c806c7cd-8ed5-476b-8991-d2eb72ae9b4d

IMA Classification of RakovaniteHide

Approved
IMA Formula:
(NH4)3Na3[V10O28] · 12H2O
Approval year:
2010
First published:
2011

Classification of RakovaniteHide

4.HC.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
C : [6]-Sorovanadates

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
RkvIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of RakovaniteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of RakovaniteHide

Sub-Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Orange
Streak:
Orange-yellow
Hardness:
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.407 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of RakovaniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.776(5) nβ = 1.803(5) nγ = 1.910(6)
2V:
Measured: 56° (1)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.134
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
r < v, strong, parallel
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Z ∧ c = 8° in obtuse β.
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = light yellow; Y = orangish-yellow; Z = yellowish-orange.
Comments:
Absorption: Z > Y > X.
2Vz = 58(1)° [540 nm], 56(1)° [589 nm], and 53(1)° [650 nm].

Chemistry of RakovaniteHide

Mindat Formula:
(NH4)3Na3(V10O28) · 12H2O

formerly given as Na3(H3V10O28).15H2O; later, the ammonium ion was shown to be present and essential

Crystallography of RakovaniteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.0248(17) Å, b = 17.121(3) Å, c = 18.140(3) Å
β = 106.242(8)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.702 : 1 : 1.06
Unit Cell V:
3,585.55 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals vary in habit from blocky to prismatic on [100], commonly exhibiting steps and striations parallel to [100].
Comment:
Space group P21/n.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0018383RakovaniteKampf A R, Hughes J M, Marty J, Gunter M E, Nash B (2011) Rakovanite, Na3{H3[V10O28]}*15H2O, a new member of the pascoite family with a protonated decavanadate polyanion The Canadian Mineralogist 49 595-6042011Synthetic0293
0018393RakovaniteDuraisamy T, Ramanan A, Vittal J J (2000) Novel self-assembled decavanadate clusters forming 1D molecular chains and 2D molecular arrays: [HMTA-H...H2O][HMTA-CH2OH][H3V10O28{Na(H2O)4}]*4H2O and [Na2(H2O)10] [H3V10O28 {Na(H2O)2}]*3H2O Crystal Engineering 3 237-2502000Synthetic0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
11.270 Å(100)
8.709 Å(78)
7.696 Å(81)
6.892 Å(63)
3.445 Å(24)
2.935 Å(42)
2.798 Å(31)
2.433 Å(24)
Comments:
Slick Rock Mining District, Colorado, USA. The data are from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
53 : Other minerals with taphonomic origins<0.4
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals<10 Ka
55 : Anthropogenic mine minerals

Type Occurrence of RakovaniteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Rakovanite is transparent orange, with an orange-yellow streak. Crystals of rakovanite are up to 1 mm in maximum dimension and vary in habit from blocky to prismatic on [100], commonly exhibiting steps and striations parallel to [100].
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The two cotype specimens used in the description of the mineral are housed in the mineral collection of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County under catalogue numbers 63357 and 63358.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Colorado Plateau, sandstone hosted, vanadium-uranium, role front type deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Synonyms of RakovaniteHide

Relationship of Rakovanite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of this group:
HuemuliteNa4Mg(V10O28) · 24H2OTric.
HummeriteK2Mg2(V10O28) · 16H2OTric. 1 : P1
LasaliteNa2Mg2(V10O28) · 20H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
MagnesiopascoiteCa2Mg(V10O28) · 16H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
PascoiteCa2Ca(V10O28) · 17H2OMon. 2 : B2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.HC.BeckettiteCa2V6Al6O20Tric. 1 : P1
4.HC.Ammoniolasalite(NH4)2Mg2(H2O)20] [V10O28]Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.HC.Protocaseyite[Al4(OH)6(H2O)12][V10O28] · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.05PascoiteCa2Ca(V10O28) · 17H2OMon. 2 : B2
4.HC.05LasaliteNa2Mg2(V10O28) · 20H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
4.HC.05MagnesiopascoiteCa2Mg(V10O28) · 16H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
4.HC.05HughesiteNa3Al(V10O28) · 22H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.05HydropascoiteCa3(V10O28) · 24H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.10HummeriteK2Mg2(V10O28) · 16H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.15SherwooditeCa5.5(AlV4+V5+12O39) · 28H2OTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
4.HC.20BluestreakiteK4Mg2(V4+2V5+8O28) · 14H2OMon. 2/m
4.HC.25Wernerbaurite{(NH4)2[Ca2(H2O)14](H2O)2}{V10O28}Tric. 1 : P1
4.HC.25BurroiteCa2(NH4)2(V10O28) · 15H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.30Caseyite[(V5+O2)Al10-x(OH)20-2x(H2O)18-2x]2[H2V4+V5+9O28][V5+10O28]2(Na,K,Ca)2-y(SO4)2-z · (60+8x+y+4z)H2O (x = 0-2.5; y = 0-2; z = 0-2)Mon.
4.HC.35GunteriteNa4Ca(V10O28) · 20H2O Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.HC.40KokinositeNa2Ca2(V10O28) · 24H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.45NashiteNa3Ca2[(V5+9V4+)O28] · 24H2O Mon. 2/m : P21/m
4.HC.50OkieiteMg3[V10O28] · 28H2OTric. 1 : P1
4.HC.55PostiteMg(H2O)6Al2(OH)2(H2O)8(V10O28) · 13H2O Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pccn
4.HC.60Schindlerite{(NH4)4Na2(H2O)10}{V10O28}Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for RakovaniteHide

References for RakovaniteHide

Localities for RakovaniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
USA
 
  • Colorado
    • San Miguel County
      • Slick Rock Mining District
Collected by and in the collection of ...
Williams et al. (2011) +1 other reference
Williams et al. (2011) +2 other references
  • Utah
    • San Juan County
      • La Sal Creek Mining District
Färber (n.d.)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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