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Dermaptera
| Description | Earwigs make up the insect order Dermaptera. With about 2,000 species in 12 families, they are one of the smaller insect orders. Earwigs have characteristic cerci, a pair of forceps-like pincers on their abdomen, and membranous wings folded underneath short, rarely used forewings, hence the scientific order name, "skin wings". Some groups are tiny parasites on mammals and lack the typical pincers. Earwigs are found on all continents except Antarctica. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermaptera, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Dermaptera | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Common Name | earwig | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific Name | Dermaptera | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 220 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 41 (19%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 228 - 209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | terrestrial (based on Insecta) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Arthropoda) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | chitin (based on Insecta) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | C. De Geer. 1773. Mémoires pour Servir à l'Histoire des Insectes, Tome Troisième | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Oorwormen, Earwigs, Ohrwürmer, Dermaptères, Tvestjärtar, ハサミムシ／革翅, Lacrainha, Tesourinha, Earwig | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermaptera |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Archidermaptera ✝ suborder | listed (PBDB) | 48 | 228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Eodermaptera ✝ suborder | listed (PBDB) | 13 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Neodermaptera suborder | listed (PBDB) | 100 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Anisolabididae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 21 | 122 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Apachelytridae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 296 Ma Permian | 296 Ma Permian | |
| Apachyidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Archelytridae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 296 Ma Permian | 290 Ma Permian | |
| Arixeniidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bellodermatidae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Carcinophoridae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chelisochidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Black Earwig | 0 Ma Extant | ||
| Dermapteridae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 29 | 228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Diplatyidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Forficulidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Common Earwig | 33 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Haplodiplatyidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Hemimeridae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Karschiellidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Labidelytridae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 254 Ma Permian | 254 Ma Permian | |
| Labiduridae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Long-horned Earwig | 4 | 99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant |
| Labiidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | Little Earwig | 1 | 23.0 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant |
| Megelytridae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 290 Ma Permian | 290 Ma Permian | |
| Ocelliidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Protodiplatyidae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 18 | 170 Ma Middle Jurassic | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Pygidicranidae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 9 | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Semenoviolidae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 9 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Sinopalaeodermatidae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Spongiphoridae family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Spongyphoridae family | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Turanodermatidae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Turanoviidae ✝ family | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Atopderma ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Austrelytron ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 254 Ma Permian | 254 Ma Permian | |
| Baseopsis ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 201 Ma Early Jurassic | 183 Ma Early Jurassic | |
| Chanoselytron ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 254 Ma Permian | 254 Ma Permian | |
| Chelisoficula ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 55.8 Ma Eocene | 55.8 Ma Eocene | |
| Elytrathrix ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 254 Ma Permian | 254 Ma Permian | |
| Forficesila genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Laasbium ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 37.2 Ma Eocene | 37.2 Ma Eocene | |
| Litholabis ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 37.2 Ma Eocene | 37.2 Ma Eocene | |
| Mesoforficula ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Ocellia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Permelytropsis ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 290 Ma Permian | 290 Ma Permian | |
| Petrolabis ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 37.2 Ma Eocene | 37.2 Ma Eocene | |
| Phyllelytron ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 254 Ma Permian | 254 Ma Permian | |
| Psychelytron ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 254 Ma Permian | 254 Ma Permian | |
| Rhadinolabis ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Uralelytron ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 279 Ma Permian | 279 Ma Permian | |
| Vendeenympha ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1773 | Dermaptera De Geer p. 399 |
| 1925 | Dermaptera Martynov p. 572 |
| 1989 | Dermaptera Zhang p. 417 |
| 1992 | Dermaptera Carpenter p. 151 |
| 2004 | Dermaptera Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence |
| 2012 | Dermaptera Eades |
| 2014 | Dermaptera Misof et al. |
| 2019 | Dermaptera Wipfler et al. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
