| Description | The northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) is an eared seal found along the north Pacific Ocean, the Bering Sea, and the Sea of Okhotsk. It is the largest member of the fur seal subfamily (Arctocephalinae) and the only living species in the genus Callorhinus. A single fossil species, Callorhinus gilmorei, is known from the Pliocene of Japan and western North America.
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| Source Data | |
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| Rank | genus |
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| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae : Callorhinus |
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| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae : Callorhinus |
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| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
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Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
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| Common Name | fur seal |
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| Scientific Name | Callorhinus Gray, 1859 |
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| Name Published In | Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1859: 359 |
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| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
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| Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Arctocephalina | stated without evidence | Gray, 1866 | | Callorhinus | genus | subjective synonym of Arctocephalus | stated without evidence | Gill, 1866 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Callorhinina | stated without evidence | Gray, 1871 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Allen, 1880 | | Callorhinus | genus | replaced by Callotaria | stated without evidence | Palmer, 1892 | | Callorhinus | subgenus | belongs to Arctocephalus | stated without evidence | Trouessart, 1898 | | Callorhinus | genus | replaced by Callotaria | stated without evidence | Allen, 1902 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Palmer, 1904 | | Callorhinus | genus | subjective synonym of Callotaria | stated without evidence | Trouessart, 1904 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Arctocephalinae | stated without evidence | Scheffer and Rice, 1963 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Repenning and Tedford, 1977 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Callorhinae | stated without evidence | Muizon, 1978 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Kurten and Anderson, 1980 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Arctocephalinae | stated without evidence | Berta and Deméré, 1986 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariinae | stated without evidence | Barnes, 1989 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Arctocephalinae | stated without evidence | Riedman, 1990 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | implied | McKenna and Bell, 1997 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Rice, 1998 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Carnivora | second hand | Sepkoski, 2002 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Berta, 2002 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated with evidence | Deméré et al., 2003 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Berta et al., 2006 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariinae | stated without evidence | Koretsky and Barnes, 2006 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated with evidence | Berta, 2009 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Boessenecker, 2013 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated with evidence | Boessenecker and Churchill, 2015 | | Callorhinus | genus | belongs to Otariidae | stated without evidence | Berta et al., 2018 |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 3 |
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| Extant Size (PBDB) | 2 (67%) |
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| First Recorded Appearance | 5.33 - 3.60 Ma
Neogene |
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| Environment | marine (based on Pinnipedia) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes) |
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| Diet | piscivore (based on Otariidae) |
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| Reproduction | viviparous (based on Pinnipedimorpha) |
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| Ontogeny | modification of parts (based on Pinnipedimorpha) |
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| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite (based on Pinnipedimorpha) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 |
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| Common Name(s) | Northern Fur Seals, Fur Seal |
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| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callorhinus |
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| Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560 |
| Gray J. E. , Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum, 1-402 |
| Allen J. A. History of North American Pinnipeds, US Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, Miscellaneous Publications 12, 1-785 |
| Trouessart E. L. , Catalogus mammalium tam viventium quam fossilum 5, 665-1264 |
| Palmer T. S. (1904) Index generum mammalium: a list of the genera and families of mammals, North American Fauna 23, 1-984 |
| Scheffer V. B., Rice D. W. (1963) A list of the marine mammals of the world, United States Fish and Wildlife Service Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 431, 1-12 |
| Mitchell E. D. (1968) The Mio-Pliocene pinniped Imagotaria, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 25 9, 1843-1900 |
| Repenning C. A., Tedford R. H. (1977) Otarioid seals of the Neogene, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 992, 1-93 |
| Muizon C. (1978) Arctocephalus (Hydrarctos) lomasiensis, subgen. nov. et nov sp., un nouvel Otariidae du Mio-Pliocene de Sacaco, Bulletin de l'Institute Francais d'Etudes Andines 7 3-4, 169-189 |
| Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442 |
| Berta A., Deméré T. A. (1986) Callorhinus gilmorei n. sp., (Carnivora: Otariidae) from the San Diego Formation (Blancan) and its impliations for otariid phylogeny, Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 21 7, 111-126 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Barnes L. G. (1989) A new enaliarctine pinniped from the Astoria Formation, Oregon, and a classification of the Otariidae (Mammalia: Carnivora), Contributions in Science 403, 1-26 |
| Riedman M. (1990) The Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses, 1-439 |
| McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640 |
| Rice D. W. (1998) Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution, The Society for Marine Mammalogy Special Publication 4, 1-231 |
| Deméré T. A., Berta A., et al (2003) Pinnipedimorph evolutionary biogeography, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 279, 32-76 |
| Koretsky I. A., Barnes L. G. (2006) Pinniped Evolutionary History and Paleobiogeography, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Vertebrates and Paleoenvironments: Tributes to the career of Prof. Dan Grigorescu, 143-153 |
| Barnes L. G. (2008) Otarioidea, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 2, 523-541 |
| Berta A. (2009) Pinniped Evolution, Encyclopedia of Marine Mammal Evolution, 861-868 |
| Boessenecker R. W. (2013) A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans, Geodiversitas 35 4, 815-939 doi:10.5252/g2013n4a5 |
| Boessenecker R. W., Churchill M. (2013) A Reevaluation of the Morphology, Paleoecology, and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Enigmatic Walrus Pelagiarctos, PLoS One 8 1, e5411 |
| Boessenecker R. W., Churchill M. (2015) The oldest known fur seal, Biology Letters doi:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0835 |
| Berta A. (2018) Pinniped evolution, Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 712-722 |
| Berta A., Churchill M., et al (2018) The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 46, 203-228 doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010009 |
| Mead, J. G.; Brownell, R. L. Jr. (2005). Cetacea. In Wilson, D.E. & D.M. Reeder (eds). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. 723--743. - via World Register of Marine Species |
| International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 1962 Arctocephaliis F. Cuvier, 1826 and Cauorhinus Gray, 1859 (Mammalia, Pinnipedia): conserved by the designation of Phoca pusilla Schreber, 1775 as the type species of Arctocephalus; and Otaria Peron, 1816 and Eumetopias Gill, 1866: conserved by the designation of Phoca leonina Molina, 1782 as the type species of Otaria.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 57(3), 193-195 (2000) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology |
| Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 27 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Rice, Dale W., 1998: Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4. ix + 231. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
Callorhinus
