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Equus quagga

Description

The plains zebra (Equus quagga, formerly Equus burchellii), also known as the common zebra, is the most common and geographically widespread species of zebra. Its range is fragmented, but spans much of southern and eastern Africa south of the Sahara. Six subspecies have been recognised including the extinct quagga which was thought to be a separate species. However, more recent research supports variations in zebra populations being clines rather than subspecies.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2440892https://www.gbif.org/species/2440892
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)90653https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=90653
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus quagga
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus quagga
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
orderPerissodactyla
suborderLophodontomorphaHooker and Dashzeveg 2004
infraorderEuperissodactylaHooker and Dashzeveg 2004
-Hippomorpha
superfamilyEquoideaHay 1902
familyEquidaeGray 1821
subfamilyEquinaeSteinmann and Döderlein 1890
tribeEquiniQuinn 1955
genusEquusLinnaeus 1758
speciesEquus quaggaBoddaert 1785
Generic NameEquus
Common Nameplains zebra
Scientific NameEquus quagga Boddaert, 1785
Name Published InBoddaert, Pieter. 1785. Elenchus animalium. C. R. Hake, Roterodami. Vol. 1: i-xxxviii; ; 1-174.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Equus quaggaspeciesbelongs to Equusstated without evidenceBoddaert, 1785
Equus quaggaspeciesbelongs to Equusstated with evidenceLorenzen et al., 2008
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)7
Extant Size (PBDB)7 (100%)
First Recorded Appearance5.33 - 0.78 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietgrazer (based on Equus)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. G. Klein. 1979. Paleoenvironmental and Cultural Implications of Late Holocene Archaeological Faunas from the Orange Free State and North Central Cape Province, South Africa. South African Archaeological Bulletin 34:34-49
Common Name(s) Quagga, Plains Zebra, Steppenzebra
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equus_quagga

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Equus quagga boehmi
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Equus quagga borensis
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Equus quagga burchelli
subspecies
listed (PBDB)Burchell's Zebra705.33 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Equus quagga burchellii
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Equus quagga chapmani
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Equus quagga crawshayi
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Equus quagga greyi
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Equus quagga quagga
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1785Equus quagga Boddaert
2008Equus quagga Lorenzen et al. p. 2813

References

Klein R. G. (1979) Paleoenvironmental and Cultural Implications of Late Holocene Archaeological Faunas from the Orange Free State and North Central Cape Province, South Africa, South African Archaeological Bulletin 34, 34-49
Lorenzen E. D., Arctander P., et al (2008) High variation and very low differentiation in wide ranging plains zebra (Equus quagga): insights from mtDNA and microsatellites, Molecular Ecology 17, 2812-2824 doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03781.x
Groves, C. P., and Catherine H. Bell, 2004: New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris. Mammalian Biology, vol. 69, no. 3. 182-196. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Groves, Colin, and Peter Grubb, 2011: null. Ungulate Taxonomy. ix + 317. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (1992) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing - via Catalogue of Life
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2 - via Catalogue of Life
Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) Common Names of Mammals of the World - via Catalogue of Life
Groves, Colin, and Peter Grubb (2011) Ungulate Taxonomy - via Catalogue of Life
Groves, C. P., and Catherine H. Bell (2004) New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris: Mammalian Biology, vol. 69, no. 3 - via Catalogue of Life
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2000. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole, 2000: null. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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