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Capra

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Description

Capra may refer to:

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capra, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2441047	https://www.gbif.org/species/2441047
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42759	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42759

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Capra

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Capra

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Ungulata
order	Artiodactyla	Owen 1848
-	Ruminantiamorpha	Spaulding et al. 2009
-	Ruminantia
-	Pecora
family	Bovidae	Gray 1821
subfamily	Antilopinae	Gray 1821
tribe	Caprini	Gray 1821
genus	Capra	Linnæus 1758

Common Name

goat

Scientific Name

Capra Linnaeus, 1758

Name Published In

Linnæus, Carolus. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. Vol. Tomus I, Editio decima, reformata: i-ii, 1-824.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Capra	genus	belongs to Pecora	stated without evidence	Linnaeus, 1758
Capra	genus	belongs to Bovina	stated without evidence	Gray, 1825
Capra	genus	belongs to Caprinae	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Capra	genus	belongs to Bovidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Capra	genus	belongs to Caprini	stated without evidence	Grubb, 2001
Capra	genus	belongs to Caprinae	stated without evidence	Agnarsson and May-Collado, 2008
Capra	genus	belongs to Caprini	stated without evidence	Gentry, 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

10 (91%)

First Recorded Appearance

16.0 - 5.3 Ma
Miocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

grazer, browser (based on Bovidae)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Bovidae)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824

Common Name(s)

Goat, Goats

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capra

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Capra aegagrus species	listed (PBDB)	Wild Goat	7	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Capra caucasica species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Capra cylindricornis species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Capra falconeri species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Capra hircus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Domestic Goat	19	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Capra ibex species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Alpine Ibex	18	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Capra nubiana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Capra primaeva ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Capra pyrenaica species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Capra sibirica species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Capra walie species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Capra warryato species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Aegagrus Pallas, 1776	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aegagrus*
Ibex Pallas, 1776	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Ibex*
Eucapra Camerano, 1916	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Eucapra*
Aegocerus Agassiz, 1846	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aegocerus*
Euibex Camerano, 1916	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Euibex*
Aigoceros Harris, 1838	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aigoceros*
Hilzheimeria Kretzoi & Kretzoi, 2000	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Hilzheimeria*
Aries Link, 1795	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aries*
Orthaegoceros Trouessart, 1905	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Orthaegoceros*
Tragus Schrank, 1798	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Tragus*
Aegionomus Ranzani, 1820	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aegionomus*
Turus Hilzheimer, 1916	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Turus*
Hircus Boddaert, 1785	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Hircus*
Ibec Gervais, 1849	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Ibec*
Hircus Brisson, 1762	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Hircus*
Aegoceros Pallas, 1811	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aegoceros*
Turocapra Beaux, 1949	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Turocapra*
Oegoceros Lesson, 1827	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Oegoceros*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1758	Capra Linnaeus p. 68
1825	Capra Gray p. 342
1980	Capra Kurten and Anderson p. 328
1988	Capra Carroll
2001	Capra Grubb p. 383
2008	Capra Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 979 figs. Fig. 5
2010	Capra Gentry p. 792

References

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542

Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Grubb R. (2001) Review of family-group names of living bovids, Journal of Mammalogy 82 2, 374-388

Agnarsson I., May-Collado L. J. (2008) The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: The importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48, 964-985

Gentry A. W. (2010) Bovidae, Cenozoic Mammals of Africa, 747-803

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 91 Thirty-five generic names of Mammals placed on the Official List of Generic Names.Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 73(4), 1 (1926) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.M (eds) (2005) Mammal Species of the World. 3rd ed. The John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10th edition. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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