Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time

Minerals by Properties Minerals by Chemistry Advanced Locality Search Random Mineral Random Locality Search by minID Localities Near Me Search Articles Search Glossary More Search Options

The Mindat Manual Add a New Photo Rate Photos Locality Edit Report Coordinate Completion Report Add Glossary Item

Mining Companies Statistics Users Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations Mineral Shows & Events The Mindat Directory Device Settings The Mineral Quiz

Photo Search Photo Galleries Search by Color New Photos Today New Photos Yesterday Members' Photo Galleries Past Photo of the Day Gallery Photography

BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Gryphoca ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Description

Gryphoca is an extinct genus of earless seals from Neogene marine deposits in the North Sea basin.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gryphoca, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4833122	https://www.gbif.org/species/4833122
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	36920	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36920

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Gryphoca

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
superfamily	Arctoidea	Flower 1869
-	Pinnipedimorpha	Berta et al. 1989
-	Pinnipedia
family	Phocidae	Gray 1821
subfamily	Phocinae	Gray 1821
genus	Gryphoca	Van Beneden 1876

Scientific Name

Gryphoca Van Beneden, 1876

Name Published In

Bull. Acad. Sci. Belgique, (2) 41

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Gryphoca	subgenus	belongs to Halichoerus	stated without evidence	Trouessart, 1898
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocidae	stated without evidence	Palmer, 1904
Gryphoca	subgenus	belongs to Halichoerus	stated without evidence	Trouessart, 1904
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocidae	stated without evidence	Kellogg, 1922
Gryphoca	subgenus	belongs to Halichoerus	stated without evidence	Friant, 1947
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocinae	stated without evidence	Muizon, 1981
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocini	implied	McKenna and Bell, 1997
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocinina	stated without evidence	Koretsky, 2001
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Carnivora	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocinae	stated with evidence	Deméré et al., 2003
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocinae	stated without evidence	Koretsky and Ray, 2008
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocini	stated without evidence	Koretsky and Barnes, 2008
Gryphoca	genus	belongs to Phocinae	stated without evidence	Koretsky et al., 2014

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

23.0 - 11.6 Ma
Miocene

Last Recorded Appearance

5.33 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

marine (based on Pinnipedia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

piscivore, carnivore (based on Phocidae)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Pinnipedimorpha)

Ontogeny

modification of parts (based on Pinnipedimorpha)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite (based on Pinnipedimorpha)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

P. J. Van Beneden. 1876. Les phoques fossiles du bassin d'Anvers. Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique 41:783-803

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gryphoca

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Gryphoca nordica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	11.6 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Gryphoca similis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	23.0 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1876	Gryphoca Van Beneden p. 798
1898	Halichoerus (Gryphoca) Trouessart p. 382
1904	Gryphoca Palmer p. 301
1904	Halichoerus (Gryphoca) Trouessart p. 284
1922	Gryphoca Kellogg p. 115
1947	Halichoerus (Gryphoca) Friant p. 6
1981	Gryphoca Muizon p. 135
1982	Gryphoca Muizon p. 205 figs. Table 1
1988	Gryphoca Carroll

Year	Name and Author
1997	Gryphoca McKenna and Bell p. 258
2001	Gryphoca Koretsky p. 85
2002	Gryphoca Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Gryphoca Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3
2008	Gryphoca Koretsky and Barnes p. 545
2008	Gryphoca Koretsky and Ray p. 89
2014	Gryphoca Koretsky et al. p. 423
2017	Gryphoca Berta p. 157

References

Van Beneden P. J. Les phoques fossiles du bassin d'Anvers, Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique 41, 783-803

Trouessart E. L. , Catalogus mammalium tam viventium quam fossilum 5, 665-1264

Palmer T. S. (1904) Index generum mammalium: a list of the genera and families of mammals, North American Fauna 23, 1-984

Trouessart E. L. (1904) , Catalogus Mammalium Tam Viventium Quam Fossilium, Fourth Edition, 1-929

Kellogg R. (1922) Pinnipeds from Miocene and Pleistocene deposits of California, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 13 4, 23-132

Friant M. (1947) Recherches sur le femur des phocidae, Bulletin du Musee royal d'Hisoire naturelle de Belgique 23 2, 1-51

Muizon C. (1981) Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou). Premiere parti: Deux nouveaux Monachina (Phocidae, Mammalia) du Pliocene de Sud-Sacaco, Recherche sur les grandes civilisations Memoire 6, 1-150

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640

Koretsky I. (2001) Morphology and systematics of Miocene Phocinae (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Paratethys and the North Atlantic region, Geologica Hungarica Series Palaeontologica 54, 1-109

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Deméré T. A., Berta A., et al (2003) Pinnipedimorph evolutionary biogeography, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 279, 32-76

Koretsky I. A., Barnes L. G. (2008) Phocidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 2, 542-556

Koretsky I. A., Ray C. E. (2008) Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA, Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14, 81-140

Koretsky I., Rahmat S., et al (2014) Rare late Miocene seal taxa (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the North Sea Basin, Vestnik zoologii 48 5, 419-432 doi:10.2478/vzoo-2014-0050

Berta A. (2017) , The Rise of Marine Mammals: 50 Million Years of Evolution, 1-198

Bull. Acad. Sci. Belgique, (2) 41 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

Quick NavTop Fossil Distribution Subtaxa Synonymy List References

Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: May 4, 2024 19:21:57

Go to top of page