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Borophagus diversidens ✝

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Description

Borophagus diversidens ("devouring glutton") is an extinct species of the genus Borophagus of the subfamily Borophaginae, a group of canids endemic to North America from the late Miocene epoch through the Pliocene epoch 4.9—1.8 Ma.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borophagus_diversidens, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4970175	https://www.gbif.org/species/4970175
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	44593	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=44593

Rank

species

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : Borophagus diversidens

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : Borophagus diversidens

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
suborder	Caniformia	Kretzoi 1943
superfamily	Canoidea	Simpson 1931
family	Canidae	Fischer 1817
subfamily	Borophaginae	Simpson 1945
tribe	Borophagini	Simpson 1945
subtribe	Borophagina	Wang et al. 1999
genus	Borophagus	Cope 1892
species	Borophagus diversidens	Cope 1892

Generic Name

Borophagus

Scientific Name

Borophagus diversidens (Cope, 1892)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Borophagus	stated without evidence	Cope, 1892
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Borophagus	stated with evidence	Cope, 1893
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Borophagus	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Dinocyon	stated without evidence	Matthew, 1902
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Dinocyon (Borophagus)	stated with evidence	Matthew, 1902
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Hyaenarctos	stated without evidence	Frick, 1926
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Borophagus	stated without evidence	Matthew and Stirton, 1930
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Borophagus	stated with evidence	Wang et al., 1999
Borophagus diversidens	species	belongs to Borophagus	stated without evidence	Tseng and Geisler, 2016

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

4.90 - 1.80 Ma
Cenozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

4.90 - 1.80 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Borophagus)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

W. D. Matthew. 1902. A skull of Dinocyon from the Miocene of Texas. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16(11):129-136

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borophagus_diversidens

Fossil Distribution

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Hyaenognathus solus (Stock, 1932)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Hyaenognathus solus*
Porthocyon dubius (Merriam, 1903)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Porthocyon dubius*
Hyaenognathus matthewi (Freudenberg, 1910)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Hyaenognathus matthewi*
Hyaenognathus pachyodon (Merriam, 1903)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Hyaenognathus pachyodon*
Borophagus pachyodon (Merriam, 1903)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Borophagus pachyodon*
Felis hillanus (Cope, 1893)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Felis hillanus*
Dinocyon diversidens (Cope, 1892)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Dinocyon diversidens*
Hyaenarctos diversidens (Cope, 1892)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Hyaenarctos diversidens*
Borophagus dubius (Merriam, 1903)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Borophagus dubius*
Borophagus matthewi (Freudenberg, 1910)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Borophagus matthewi*
Hyaenognathus dubius (Merriam, 1903)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Hyaenognathus dubius*
Borophagus solus (Stock, 1932)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Borophagus solus*
Felis hillianus (Cope, 1893)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Felis hillianus*
Osteoborus hillianus (Cope, 1893)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : *Osteoborus hillianus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1892	Borophagus diversidens Cope
1893	Borophagus diversidens Cope p. 54
1893	Felis hillanus Cope p. 55
1902	Borophagus diversidens Hay p. 776
1902	Felis hillianus Hay p. 782
1902	Dinocyon diversidens Matthew
1902	Dinocyon (Borophagus) diversidens Matthew p. 290
1903	Hyaenognathus pachyodon Merriam p. 278 figs. Pl. 28, Figs. 1 and 2
1903	Porthocyon dubius Merriam p. 283 figs. Pl. 29 and P. 30, Fig 1
1910	Hyaenognathus matthewi Freudenberg
1926	Hyaenarctos diversidens Frick
1930	Borophagus diversidens Matthew and Stirton
1931	Hyaenognathus dubius VanderHoof
1932	Hyaenognathus solus Stock
1933	Borophagus diversidens Stirton and VanderHoof
1936	Borophagus matthewi Vanderhoof
1936	Borophagus pachyodon Vanderhoof
1936	Borophagus solus Vanderhoof

Year	Name and Author
1937	Borophagus solus Schultz
1937	Osteoborus hillianus Schultz
1937	Osteoborus hillianus Vanderhoof
1939	Borophagus pachyodon Stirton
1940	Borophagus diversidens VanderHoof and Gregory
1940	Borophagus matthewi VanderHoof and Gregory
1940	Borophagus pachyodon VanderHoof and Gregory
1940	Borophagus solus VanderHoof and Gregory
1979	Borophagus dubius Richey
1979	Borophagus matthewi Richey
1979	Borophagus pachyodon Richey
1979	Borophagus solus Richey
1980	Borophagus diversidens Kurten and Anderson p. 166
1998	Borophagus diversidens Munthe
1998	Borophagus pachyodon Munthe
1999	Borophagus diversidens Wang et al. p. 301
2016	Borophagus diversidens Tseng and Geisler p. 2 figs. Table 1

References

Matthew W. D. (1902) A skull of Dinocyon from the Miocene of Texas, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16 11, 129-136

Cope E. D. A preliminary report on the vertebrate paleontology of the Llano Estacado, Fourth Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Texas 1892, 11-136

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Matthew W. D. (1902) New canidae from the Miocene of Colorado, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 16 21, 281-290

VanderHoof V. L. (1931) Borophagus littoralis From the Marine Tertiary of California, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 21 2, 15-24

Stirton R. A., VanderHoof V. L. (1933) Osteoborus, a New Genus of Dogs, and Its Relations to Borophagus Cope, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 23 4, 175-181

Schultz J. R. (1937) A Late Cenozoic Vertebrate Fauna From the Coso Mountains, Inyo County, California, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 487 3, 77-109

Stirton R. A. (1939) Cenozoic Mammal Remains From the San Francisco Bay Region, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 24 13, 339-410

VanderHoof V. L., Gregory J. T. (1940) A review of the genus Aelurodon, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 25 3, 143-164

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Munthe K. (1998) Canidae, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 124-143

Wang X., Tedford R. H., et al (1999) Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 243, 1-392

Tseng Z. J., Geisler J. H. (2016) The First Fossil Record of Borophagine Dogs (Mammalia, Carnivora) from South Carolina, U.S.A., Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 2, e1062022 doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.1062022

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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