Viaeneite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Viaeneite
Formula:
(Fe,Pb)4S8O
Colour:
Yellow
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3½ - 4½
Specific Gravity:
3.8
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after Professor Willy A. Viaene (born 22 January 1940 in Staden, Belgium - died 13 March 2000), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
Type Locality:
An unusual species characterised by mixed sulphur valencies. Many similar (intermediate/mixed-valence) species, usually Fe-dominant, are known from carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb deposits; compare especially 'UM1995-35-SO:FePb'; Unnamed (Fe Pyrosulphite), Unnamed (Fe Sulphoxylane), Unnamed (Fe Sulphite), Unnamed (Fe Subsulphite); thiosulphates: UM1995-34-SO:Fe and Unnamed (Fe Thiosulphate II). Compare also Unnamed (Fe Oxysulphide).
When viaeneite is exposed to air it tarnishes within a few weeks.
Compare also albertiniite - another mineral with untypical S valence.
When viaeneite is exposed to air it tarnishes within a few weeks.
Compare also albertiniite - another mineral with untypical S valence.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7353
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7353:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
d499f645-83b9-46d6-a021-797e4e60273a
IMA Classification of Viaeneite
Approved
Approval year:
1993
Classification of Viaeneite
2.FD.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
Dana 7th ed.:
2.3.4.1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Via | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Viaeneite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Yellow
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3½ - 4½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN200=123 - 357 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
On {110}
On {110}
Density:
3.8(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.65 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Viaeneite
Anisotropism:
Strong; orange, yellow-orange, greenish gray.
Bireflectance:
Distinct; grayish brown to orange to yellow-orange.
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 | imR1 | imR2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
400nm | 18.1% | 29.6% | 9.5% | 13.8% |
410nm | 17.5% | 29.3% | 9.8% | 14.2% |
420nm | 17.1% | 29.1% | 9.6% | 14.2% |
430nm | 17.4% | 29.5% | 9.9% | 14.6% |
440nm | 17.9% | 30.0% | 10.1% | 15.0% |
450nm | 18.4% | 30.6% | 10.4% | 15.7% |
460nm | 18.9% | 31.3% | 10.8% | 16.3% |
470nm | 19.5% | 32.1% | 11.3% | 17.0% |
480nm | 20.2% | 32.9% | 11.7% | 17.6% |
490nm | 20.7% | 33.6% | 12.3% | 18.4% |
500nm | 21.5% | 34.5% | 12.9% | 19.1% |
510nm | 22.1% | 35.2% | 13.4% | 20.0% |
520nm | 22.8% | 35.9% | 14.0% | 20.6% |
530nm | 23.2% | 36.3% | 14.4% | 21.0% |
550nm | 23.8% | 36.8% | 14.8% | 21.6% |
560nm | 24.2% | 37.3% | 15.1% | 21.8% |
570nm | 24.3% | 37.3% | 15.2% | 21.9% |
580nm | 24.5% | 37.4% | 15.2% | 21.9% |
590nm | 24.6% | 37.4% | 15.3% | 21.9% |
600nm | 24.7% | 37.4% | 15.2% | 21.8% |
610nm | 24.9% | 37.4% | 15.2% | 21.6% |
620nm | 25.0% | 37.4% | 15.0% | 21.3% |
630nm | 25.0% | 37.4% | 15.1% | 21.1% |
640nm | 25.1% | 37.3% | 15.0% | 20.9% |
650nm | 25.1% | 37.3% | 14.9% | 20.6% |
660nm | 25.2% | 37.3% | 14.8% | 20.3% |
670nm | 25.2% | 37.1% | 14.6% | 19.9% |
680nm | 25.2% | 37.0% | 14.4% | 19.5% |
690nm | 25.2% | 36.8% | 14.2% | 19.0% |
700nm | 25.1% | 36.7% | 13.9% | 18.5% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 37.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
Yellow with a brassy hue.
Chemistry of Viaeneite
Mindat Formula:
(Fe,Pb)4S8O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Viaeneite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.717 (8) Å, b = 7.280 (6) Å, c = 6.559 (7) Å
β = 95.00(3)°
β = 95.00(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.335 : 1 : 0.901
Unit Cell V:
462.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
As crystals, to 80 µm.
Twinning:
Type material: No twinning was observed on polished sections. However twinning was observed on some of the electron diffraction patterns.
Comment:
Probable primitive.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.709 Å | (100) |
2.419 Å | (80) |
1.758 Å | (80) |
2.323 Å | (70) |
0.9576 Å | (70) |
1.925 Å | (60) |
0.9605 Å | (60) |
Comments:
Engis, Belgium. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
46 : Near-surface hydrothermal alteration of minerals (see also #22) |
Type Occurrence of Viaeneite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Academy of Mining & Metallurgy, Krak´ow, Poland, EMP9; Catholic University, Louvain, KUR32, ONB2, ONB3; Museum of Natural History, Brussels, Belgium, RN 6380.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Pb-Zn deposit in limestone
Reference:
Kucha, H., Osuch, W., Elsen, J. (1996) Viaeneite, (Fe,Pb)4S8O, a new mineral with mixed sulphur valencies from Engis, Belgium. European Journal of Mineralogy, 8, 93-102.
Synonyms of Viaeneite
Other Language Names for Viaeneite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.FD. | Ferrovalleriite | 2(Fe,Cu)S · 1.5Fe(OH)2 |
2.FD.05 | Kermesite | Sb2S2O |
2.FD.20 | Erdite | NaFeS2 · 2H2O |
2.FD.25 | Coyoteite | NaFe3S5 · 2H2O |
2.FD.30 | Haapalaite | (Fe2+,Ni)2(Mg,Fe2+)1.61S2(OH)3.22 |
2.FD.30 | Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
2.FD.30 | Yushkinite | (Mg,Al)V4+S2(OH)2 |
2.FD.30 | Ekplexite | (Nb,Mo,W)S2 · (Mg1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
2.FD.35 | Tochilinite | Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10 |
2.FD.35 | Ferrotochilinite | Fe2+6(Fe2+,Mg)5S6(OH)10 |
2.FD.35 | Kaskasite | (Mo,Nb)S2 · (Mg1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
2.FD.35 | Manganokaskasite | (Mo,Nb)S2 · (Mn1-xAlx)(OH)2+x |
2.FD.40 | Wilhelmramsayite | Cu3FeS3 · 2H2O |
2.FD.45 | Vyalsovite | FeCaAlS(OH)5 |
2.FD.50 | Bazhenovite | Ca8S2(S3)(S2O3)(OH)12 · 20H2O |
2.FD.55 | UM2004-56-OS:BiCuPb | PbCu4Bi4S2(O,OH,H2O)16 (?) |
Other Information
Notes:
When exposed to air it tarnishes within a few weeks, however, it remains unchanged when kept in an air-tight container.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Viaeneite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7353.html
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References for Viaeneite
Localities for Viaeneite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Caruso et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
Belgium (TL) | |
| Kucha et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
Bolivia | |
| Jiménez-Franco et al. (2018) |
Quick NavTopAbout ViaeneiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
La Mallieue, Engis, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium