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Jafari, Mahdi; Lehning, Michael (2026) Simulating the effect of natural convection in a tundra snow cover. The Cryosphere, 20 (4). doi:10.5194/tc-20-2439-2026

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Reference TypeJournal (article/letter/editorial)
TitleSimulating the effect of natural convection in a tundra snow cover
JournalThe Cryosphere
AuthorsJafari, MahdiAuthor
Lehning, MichaelAuthor
Year2026 (April 27)Volume20
Issue4
PublisherCopernicus GmbH
DOIdoi:10.5194/tc-20-2439-2026Search in ResearchGate
Generate Citation Formats
Mindat Ref. ID19905671Long-form Identifiermindat:1:5:19905671:4
GUID0
Full ReferenceJafari, Mahdi; Lehning, Michael (2026) Simulating the effect of natural convection in a tundra snow cover. The Cryosphere, 20 (4). doi:10.5194/tc-20-2439-2026
Plain TextJafari, Mahdi; Lehning, Michael (2026) Simulating the effect of natural convection in a tundra snow cover. The Cryosphere, 20 (4). doi:10.5194/tc-20-2439-2026
In(2026, April) The Cryosphere Vol. 20 (4). Copernicus GmbH

References Listed

These are the references the publisher has listed as being connected to the article. Please check the article itself for the full list of references which may differ. Not all references are currently linkable within the Digital Library.

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Domine, F., Barrere, M., Sarrazin, D., Morin, S., Arnaud, L. (2015) Automatic monitoring of the effective thermal conductivity of snow in a low-Arctic shrub tundra. The Cryosphere, 9 (3). 1265-1276 doi:10.5194/tc-9-1265-2015
Domine, Florent, Barrere, Mathieu, Sarrazin, Denis (2016) Seasonal evolution of the effective thermal conductivity of the snow and the soil in high Arctic herb tundra at Bylot Island, Canada. The Cryosphere, 10 (6). 2573-2588 doi:10.5194/tc-10-2573-2016
DOMINE, FLORENT, BELKE-BREA, MARIA, SARRAZIN, DENIS, ARNAUD, LAURENT, BARRERE, MATHIEU, POIRIER, MATHILDE (2018) Soil moisture, wind speed and depth hoar formation in the Arctic snowpack. Journal of Glaciology, 64 (248). 990-1002 doi:10.1017/jog.2018.89
Domine, Florent, Lackner, Georg, Sarrazin, Denis, Poirier, Mathilde, Belke-Brea, Maria (2021) Meteorological, snow and soil data (2013–2019) from a herb tundra permafrost site at Bylot Island, Canadian high Arctic, for driving and testing snow and land surface models. Earth System Science Data, 13 (9) 4331-4348 doi:10.5194/essd-13-4331-2021
Not Yet Imported: - journal-article : 10.1007/s00442-011-2045-6

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Gouttevin, Isabelle, Langer, Moritz, Löwe, Henning, Boike, Julia, Proksch, Martin, Schneebeli, Martin (2018) Observation and modelling of snow at a polygonal tundra permafrost site: spatial variability and thermal implications. The Cryosphere, 12 (11). 3693-3717 doi:10.5194/tc-12-3693-2018
Hansen, A. C., Foslien, W. E. (2015) A macroscale mixture theory analysis of deposition and sublimation rates during heat and mass transfer in dry snow. The Cryosphere, 9 (5). 1857-1878 doi:10.5194/tc-9-1857-2015
Jafari, M.: Water vapor transport in snowpacks, EPFL, PhD thesis, p. 154, https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-9659, 2022. a
Jafari, M.: cryos-snowBedFoam/SNOWPACKFoam: SNOWPACKFoam v1.0.0 (paper snapshot for egusphere-2025-3035) (v1.0.0), Zenodo [software], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18788998, 2026. a
Jafari, M. and Lehning, M.: snowpackBuoyantPimpleFoam: an OpenFOAM Eulerian–Eulerian two-phase solver for modelling convection of water vapor in snowpacks, EnviDat [data set], https://doi.org/10.16904/envidat.265, 2021. a
Jafari, Mahdi, Lehning, Michael (2023) Convection of snow: when and why does it happen?. Frontiers in Earth Science, 11. doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1167760
Jafari, Mahdi, Lehning, Michael (2023) Convection of snow: when and why does it happen?. Frontiers in Earth Science, 11. doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1167760
Jafari, Mahdi, Gouttevin, Isabelle, Couttet, Margaux, Wever, Nander, Michel, Adrien, Sharma, Varun, Rossmann, Leonard, Maass, Nina, Nicolaus, Marcel, Lehning, Michael (2020) The Impact of Diffusive Water Vapor Transport on Snow Profiles in Deep and Shallow Snow Covers and on Sea Ice. Frontiers in Earth Science, 8. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00249
Jafari, Mahdi, Sharma, Varun, Lehning, Michael (2022) Convection of water vapour in snowpacks. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 934. doi:10.1017/jfm.2021.1146
Johnson, J. B., Sturm, M. A., Perovich, D. K., and Bens, C. S.: Field observations of thermal convection in a subarctic snow cover, International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication, 162, 105–118, 1987. a, b
Keenan, Eric, Wever, Nander, Dattler, Marissa, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., Medley, Brooke, Kuipers Munneke, Peter, Reijmer, Carleen (2021) Physics-based SNOWPACK model improves representation of near-surface Antarctic snow and firn density. The Cryosphere, 15 (2) 1065-1085 doi:10.5194/tc-15-1065-2021
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Lehning, Michael, Bartelt, Perry, Brown, Bob, Fierz, Charles (2002) A physical SNOWPACK model for the Swiss avalanche warning. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 35 (3). 169-184 doi:10.1016/s0165-232x(02)00072-1
Lehning, Michael, Bartelt, Perry, Brown, Bob, Fierz, Charles, Satyawali, Pramod (2002) A physical SNOWPACK model for the Swiss avalanche warning. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 35 (3). 147-167 doi:10.1016/s0165-232x(02)00073-3
Not Yet Imported: - book : 10.1007/978-3-319-16874-6

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Not Yet Imported: - book : 10.1007/978-3-319-49562-0

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Sommer, Christian Gabriel, Wever, Nander, Fierz, Charles, Lehning, Michael (2018) Investigation of a wind-packing event in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. The Cryosphere, 12 (9). 2923-2939 doi:10.5194/tc-12-2923-2018
Sturm, Matthew, Benson, Carl S. (1997) Vapor transport, grain growth and depth-hoar development in the subarctic snow. Journal of Glaciology, 43 (143). 42-59 doi:10.3189/s0022143000002793
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Taillandier, A.-S., Domine, F., Simpson, W. R., Sturm, M., Douglas, T. A., Severin, K. (2006) Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants. Environmental Science & Technology, 40 (24). 7521-7527 doi:10.1021/es060842j
Trabant, Dennis, Benson, Carl (1972) GSA Memoir (135), Field Experiments On the Development of Depth Hoar. Geological Society of America p.309-322. doi:10.1130/mem135-p309
Vikhamar-Schuler, D., Hanssen-Bauer, I., Schuler, T.V., Mathiesen, S.D., Lehning, M. (2013) Use of a multilayer snow model to assess grazing conditions for reindeer. Annals of Glaciology, 54 (62). 214-226 doi:10.3189/2013aog62a306
Not Yet Imported: - journal-article : 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.123801

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Wever, Nander, Keenan, Eric, Amory, Charles, Lehning, Michael, Sigmund, Armin, Huwald, Hendrik, Lenaerts, Jan T. M. (2023) Observations and simulations of new snow density in the drifting snow-dominated environment of Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, 69 (276) Cambridge University Press (CUP) 823-840 doi:10.1017/jog.2022.102

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