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Ctenochelys

Description

Ctenochelys is an extinct genus of marine turtle (Cryptodira, Pancheloniidae), which existed during the Cretaceous period, and lived in the shallow waters of the Western Interior Seaway. Its fossils have been found in the Ripley Formation and Mooreville Chalk of central Alabama, United States. It was first named by C.H. Sternberg in 1904, and contains two species, C. stenoporus and C. acris.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4572841https://www.gbif.org/species/4572841
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)36341https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36341
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Cheloniidae : Ctenochelys
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Ctenochelyidae : Ctenochelys
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
-Testudinata
orderTestudinesBatsch 1788
suborderCryptodiraCope 1868
-PanchelonioideaJoyce et al. 2004
-PancheloniidaeJoyce et al. 2004
familyCtenochelyidaeGentry 2018
genusCtenochelysZangerl 1953
Scientific NameCtenochelys Zangerl, 1953
Name Published InFieldiana: Geol. Mem., 3, (3-4)
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Lophochelyinaestated without evidenceZangerl, 1953
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to ToxochelyidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Cheloniidaestated without evidenceHirayama, 1995
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Cheloniasecond handSepkoski, 2002
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Cheloniidaestated without evidenceJoyce et al., 2004
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Cheloniidaestated with evidenceMatzke, 2007
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Cheloniidaestated without evidenceBrinkman et al., 2009
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Lophochelyinaestated with evidenceKarl and Nyhuis, 2012
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Cheloniidaestated with evidencede Lapparent de Broin et al., 2014
Ctenochelysgenusbelongs to Ctenochelyidaestated with evidenceGentry, 2018
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)4
Extant Size (PBDB)2 (50%)
First Recorded Appearance93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Environmentfreshwater (based on Cryptodira)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietomnivore (based on Cryptodira)
Reproductionoviparous (based on Cryptodira)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Zangerl. 1953. The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama. Part IV. The turtles of the family Toxochelyidae. Fieldiana: Geology Memoirs 3(4):145-277
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctenochelys

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Ctenochelys acris
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
486.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ctenochelys procax
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ctenochelys stenoporus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
493.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
61.6 Ma
Paleocene
Ctenochelys tennuitesta
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1953Ctenochelys Zangerl p. 227
1981Ctenochelys Thurmond and Jones p. 131
1988Ctenochelys Carroll
1988Ctenochelys Weems p. 141 figs. Table 2
1995Ctenochelys Hirayama p. 282
2002Ctenochelys Sepkoski, Jr.
YearName and Author
2004Ctenochelys Joyce et al.
2007Ctenochelys Matzke
2009Ctenochelys Brinkman et al.
2012Ctenochelys Karl and Nyhuis
2014Ctenochelys de Lapparent de Broin et al.
2018Ctenochelys Gentry

References

Zangerl R. (1953) The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama. Part IV. The turtles of the family Toxochelyidae, Fieldiana: Geology Memoirs 3 4, 145-277
Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Weems R. E. (1988) Paleocene turtles from the Aquia and Brightseat Formations, with a discussion of their bearing on sea turtle evolution and phylogeny, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101 1, 109-145
Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560
Joyce W. G., Parham J. F., et al (2004) Developing a protocol for the conversion of rank-based taxon names to phylogenetically defined clade names, as exemplified by turtles, Journal of Paleontology 78 5, 989-1013
Matzke A. T. (2007) An almost complete juvenile specimen of the cheloniid turtle Ctenochelys stenoporus (Hay, 1905) from the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation of Kansas, USA, Palaeontology 50 3, 669-691
Brinkman D., Aquillon-Martinez M. C., et al (2009) Euclastes coahuilaensis sp. nov., a basal cheloniid turtle from the late Campanian Cerro del Pueblo Formation of Coahuila State, Mexico, PaleoBios 28 3, 76-88
Karl H.-V., Nyhuis C. J. (2012) Ctenochelys stenoporus (Hay, 1905) (Testudines: Toxochelyidae) and Clidastes sp. (Squamata: Mosasauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of NW-Germany, Studia Palaeocheloniologica 4, 129-142
de Lapparent de Broin F., Bardet N., et al (2014) A strange new chelonioid turtle from the latest Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, Comptes Rendus Palevol 13 2, 87-95
Gentry A. D. (2018) Prionochelys matutina Zangerl, 1953 (Testudines: Pan-Cheloniidae) from the Late Cretaceous of the United States and the evolution of epithecal ossifications in marine turtles, PeerJ 6, e5876:1-34 doi:10.7717/peerj.5876
GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Fieldiana: Geol. Mem., 3, (3-4) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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