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Numidotherium

Description

Numidotherium ("Numidia beast") is an extinct genus of early proboscideans, discovered in 1984, that lived during the middle Eocene of North Africa some 46 million years ago. It was about 90-100 cm tall at the shoulder and weighed about 250-300 kg.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4825611https://www.gbif.org/species/4825611
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)98252https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=98252
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Numidotheriidae : Numidotherium
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
-TethytheriaMcKenna 1975
orderProboscidea
suborderBarytherioideaAndrews 1906
familyNumidotheriidaeShoshani and Tassy 1996
genusNumidotheriumMahboubi Ameur Crochet & Jaeger 1986
Scientific NameNumidotherium Mahboubi, Ameur, Crochet & Jaeger, 1986
Name Published InPalaeontographica (A) 192 (1-3)
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Numidotheriumgenusbelongs to Numidotheriidaestated with evidenceGheerbrant et al., 1996
Numidotheriumgenusbelongs to Numidotheriidaestated without evidenceShoshani and Tassy, 1996
Numidotheriumgenusbelongs to Numidotheriidaestated with evidenceGheerbrant et al., 2002
Numidotheriumgenusbelongs to Numidotheriidaestated without evidenceShoshani and Tassy, 2005
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
First Recorded Appearance56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Last Recorded Appearance38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietgrazer, browser (based on Proboscidea)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)E. Gheerbrant, J. Sudre, and H. Cappetta. 1996. A Palaeocene proboscidean from Morocco. Nature 383:68-70
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numidotherium

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Numidotherium koholense
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
156.0 Ma
Paleocene
56.0 Ma
Paleocene
Numidotherium savagei
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
141.3 Ma
Eocene
41.3 Ma
Eocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1986Numidotherium Jaeger
1996Numidotherium Gheerbrant et al. p. 69
1996Numidotherium Shoshani and Tassy p. 352
1997Numidotherium McKenna and Bell p. 498
2002Numidotherium Gheerbrant et al. p. 504
2005Numidotherium Shoshani and Tassy p. 9 figs. Table 2
2010Numidotherium Sanders et al. p. 169

References

Gheerbrant E., Sudre J., et al (1996) A Palaeocene proboscidean from Morocco, Nature 383, 68-70
Shoshani J., Tassy P. (1996) Summary, conclusions, and a glimpse into the future, in J. Shoshani and P. Tassy, eds., The Proboscidea: Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives, 335-348
McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640
Gheerbrant E., Sudre J., et al (2002) A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 3, 493-506
Shoshani J., Tassy P. (2005) Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior, Quaternary International 126-128, 5-20
Sanders W. J., Gheerbrant E., et al (2010) Proboscidea, Cenozoic Mammals of Africa, 161-251
GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Palaeontographica (A) 192 (1-3) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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