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Chiromyoides ✝

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Description

Chiromyoides is a small plesiadapid primatomorph that is known for its unusually robust upper and lower incisors, deep dentary, and comparatively small cheek teeth. Species of Chiromyoides are known from the middle Tiffanian through late Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMA) of western North America, and from late Paleocene deposits in the Paris Basin, France.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiromyoides, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4827438	https://www.gbif.org/species/4827438
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	40734	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40734

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Plesiadapidae : Chiromyoides

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
order	Primates	Linnaeus 1758
-	Euprimateformes	Bloch et al. 2007
superfamily	Plesiadapoidea
family	Plesiadapidae	Trouessart 1897
genus	Chiromyoides	Stehlin 1916

Scientific Name

Chiromyoides Stehlin, 1916

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Chiromyoides	genus	belongs to Plesiadapidae	stated without evidence	Stehlin, 1916
Chiromyoides	genus	belongs to Plesiadapidae	stated with evidence	Matthew, 1917
Chiromyoides	genus	subjective synonym of Plesiadapis	stated with evidence	Teilhard, 1922
Chiromyoides	genus	belongs to Plesiadapidae	stated without evidence	Simpson, 1937
Chiromyoides	genus	belongs to Plesiadapidae	stated with evidence	Simpson, 1940
Chiromyoides	genus	belongs to Plesiadapidae	implied	McKenna and Bell, 1997
Chiromyoides	genus	belongs to Plesiadapidae	stated with evidence	Boyer et al., 2012

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

61.7 - 56.8 Ma
Paleocene

Last Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Plesiadapoidea)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore (based on Plesiadapoidea)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Plesiadapoidea)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiromyoides

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Chiromyoides caesor ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	11	61.7 Ma Paleocene	56.8 Ma Paleocene
Chiromyoides campanicus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	59.2 Ma Paleocene	59.2 Ma Paleocene
Chiromyoides major ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	58.7 Ma Paleocene	56.8 Ma Paleocene
Chiromyoides mauberti ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	58.7 Ma Paleocene	58.7 Ma Paleocene
Chiromyoides minor ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	61.7 Ma Paleocene	61.7 Ma Paleocene
Chiromyoides potior ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	61.7 Ma Paleocene	56.8 Ma Paleocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1916	Chiromyoides Stehlin
1917	Chiromyoides Matthew p. 833
1937	Chiromyoides Simpson p. 165
1940	Chiromyoides Simpson p. 202
1973	Chiromyoides Gingerich p. 517
1975	Chiromyoides Gingerich p. 142
1989	Chiromyoides Gunnell p. 147
1997	Chiromyoides McKenna and Bell
2012	Chiromyoides Boyer et al.

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals

Matthew W. D. (1917) The dentition of Nothodectes, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 37 33, 831-839

Simpson G. G. (1937) The Fort Union of the Crazy Mountain field, Montana and its mammalian faunas, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 169, 1-287

Simpson G. G. (1940) Studies on the earliest primates, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77 4, 185-212

Gingerich P. D. (1973) First record of the Palaeocene primate Chiromyoides from North America, Nature 244, 517-518

Gingerich P. D. (1975) New North American Plesiadapidae (Mammalia, Primates) and a biostratigraphic zonation of the middle and upper Paleocene, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 24 13, 135-148

Gunnell G. F. (1989) Evolutionary History of Microsyopoidea (Mammalia, ?Primates) and the Relationship Between Plesiadapiformes and Primates, University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 27, 1-157

McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640

Boyer D. M., Scott C. S., et al (2012) New craniodental material of Pronothodectes gaoi Fox (Mammalia, "Plesiadapiformes") and relationships among members of Plesiadapidae, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147 4, 511-550

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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