Kesen meteorite, Rikuzentakata City, Iwate Prefecture, Japani
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Kesen meteorite | Meteorite Fall Location |
| Rikuzentakata City | City |
| Iwate Prefecture | Prefecture |
| Japan | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
38° 58' 59'' North , 141° 37' 0'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Locality type:
Meteorite Class:
Meteoritical Society Class:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Ōfunato | 35,418 (2017) | 13.1km |
| Tōno | 26,781 (2017) | 37.7km |
| Kamaishi | 43,107 (2017) | 39.2km |
| Ichinoseki | 62,970 (2017) | 42.4km |
| Mizusawa | 61,281 (2017) | 44.9km |
Ordinary chondrite, xenolithic (H4; S3)
Fall, 13 June 1850; 135 kg
After thunderous detonations, a single meteoritic stone fell into a self-created created 1.4 m deep crater where it apparently partially broke apart. Several pieces were distribute afterwards. Inspections revealed distinct chondrules and chondrule fragments, often xenolithic, within a brecciated matrix. Compositionally, bulk iron contents (17.6 wt%Fe), equilibrated olivine (Fa17.3±0.2) and nearly equilibrated low Ca-orthopyroxene (Fs14.8±1.2) are characteristic of the H-chondrite geochemical group. Mineralogically the meteorite consists primarily of olivine accompanied by pyroxene with lesser amounts of troilite, Fe-Ni metal, troilite, and feldspathic phases. Accessory chromite and moderately) abundant copper are among the minor phases reported. Level S3 shock is accompanied by veins, xenoliths, and noble gas abundances apparently due to multiple collisional episodes. The major remaining mass retains part of the original fusion crust, but different fragments appear to have experience varying amounts of terrestrial weathering.
A K-Ar age of 4.08 Ga and cosmic ray exposure (CRE) age of ~9.9 Ma have been reported.
Kesen is the 4th most massive of the 51 witnessed meteorite falls classified exactly as 'H4' by the Meteoritical Society (Jan 2017). The main mass (106 kg) has been held at the National Science Museum in Tokyo.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
8 valid minerals.
Meteorite/Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 Reference: Bunch, T.E., Keil, K. & Snetsinger, K.G. (1967) Chromite composition in relation to chemistry and texture of ordinary chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 31(10): 1569-1582. (Oct 1967).; Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Copper Formula: Cu Description: Both Ramdohr (1973) and Rubin (1994) noted copper abundances above the usual trace amounts. Copper sometimes found adjacent to troilite inside Ni-rich Fe-Ni metal. Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Rubin, A.E. (1994) Metallic copper in ordinary chondrites. Meteoritics 29 (1): 93-98. (Jan 1994). |
| ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' Description: Composition of Olivine [Fa17.3±0.2 mol%], Rubin(1990).
Reference: Ward, H.A. (1893). Preliminary note of a new meteorite from Japan : American Journal of Science (Series 3), vol 45 (266): 153-155. (Feb 1893).; Keil, K. & Fredriksson, K. (1964) The Fe, Mg and Ca Distribution in Coexisting Olivines and Rhombic Pyroxenes of Chondrites. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 69 (16): 3487-3515. (August 1964). ; Rubin, A.E. (1990) Olivine & Kamacite in Ordinary Chondrites: Intergroup and Intragroup relationships. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54: 1217-1230. |
| ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Iron Formula: Fe Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite Formula: (Fe,Ni) Description: Kamacite [Ni~7.0±0.3 wt%; Co ~0.46±0.03 wt%] , Rubin(1990). Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Rubin, A.E. (1990) Olivine & Kamacite in Ordinary Chondrites: Intergroup and Intragroup relationships. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54: 1217-1230. |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' Reference: Ward, H.A. (1893). Preliminary note of a new meteorite from Japan : American Journal of Science (Series 3), vol 45 (266): 153-155. (Feb 1893). |
| ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' Reference: Ward, H.A. (1893). Preliminary note of a new meteorite from Japan : American Journal of Science (Series 3), vol 45 (266): 153-155. (Feb 1893).; Keil, K. & Fredriksson, K. (1964) The Fe, Mg and Ca Distribution in Coexisting Olivines and Rhombic Pyroxenes of Chondrites. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 69 (16): 3487-3515. (August 1964). |
| ⓘ 'Plessite' Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 Description: Host Pyroxene [Fs14.8±1.2 mol%] vs. Composition of a xenolithic pyroxene [Fs16.1±1.5 mol%],Scott et al. (1986) Reference: Scott, E. R. D., Lusby, D., & Keil, K. (1986) Correction to "ubiquitous Brecciation after Metamorphism in Equilibrated Ordinary Chondrites": Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XV, Part 2 : Erratum. (March 1985). |
| ⓘ Schreibersite Formula: (Fe,Ni)3P Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| ⓘ Taenite Formula: (Fe,Ni) Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Rubin, A.E. (1994) Metallic copper in ordinary chondrites. Meteoritics 29 (1): 93-98. (Jan 1994). |
| ⓘ Tetrataenite Formula: FeNi Reference: Rubin, A.E. (1994) Metallic copper in ordinary chondrites. Meteoritics 29 (1): 93-98. (Jan 1994). |
| ⓘ Troilite Formula: FeS Reference: Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; Rubin, A.E. (1994) Metallic copper in ordinary chondrites. Meteoritics 29 (1): 93-98. (Jan 1994). |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Iron | 1.AE.05 | Fe |
| ⓘ | var. Kamacite | 1.AE.05 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | Schreibersite | 1.BD.05 | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| ⓘ | Taenite | 1.AE.10 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | Tetrataenite | 1.AE.10 | FeNi |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Troilite | 2.CC.10 | FeS |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Plessite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| O | Oxygen | |
|---|---|---|
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| Fe | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron | Fe |
| Fe | ⓘ Tetrataenite | FeNi |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Ni | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| Ni | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Ni | ⓘ Tetrataenite | FeNi |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Copper | Cu |
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Ward, H.A. (1893). Preliminary note of a new meteorite from Japan : American Journal of Science (Series 3), vol 45 (266): 153-155. (Feb 1893).
Keil, K. & Fredriksson, K. (1964) The Fe, Mg and Ca Distribution in Coexisting Olivines and Rhombic Pyroxenes of Chondrites. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 69 (16): 3487-3515. (August 1964).
Bunch, T.E., Keil, K. & Snetsinger, K.G. (1967) Chromite composition in relation to chemistry and texture of ordinary chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 31(10): 1569-1582. (Oct 1967).
Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.
Lavrukhina, A. K. (1985) Meteorites with Multi-Stage Irradiation by Galactic Cosmic Rays (Abstract.): Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XVI: 479-480. (March 1985).
Rubin, A.E. (1990) Olivine & Kamacite in Ordinary Chondrites: Intergroup and Intragroup relationships. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54: 1217-1230.
Scott, E. R. D., Lusby, D., & Keil, K. (1986) Correction to "ubiquitous Brecciation after Metamorphism in Equilibrated Ordinary Chondrites": Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XV, Part 2 : Erratum. (March 1985).
Stöffler, D., Keil, K. & Scott, E.R.D. (1991). Shock metamorphism of ordinary chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55: 3845-3867. (Sept 1991).
Rubin, A.E. (1994) Metallic copper in ordinary chondrites. Meteoritics 29 (1): 93-98. (Jan 1994).
Graf, Th. & Marti, K. (1995) Collisional history of H chondrites. J. Geophys. Res. (Planets) 100, 21247–21263.
Grady, M.M. (2000). Catalogue of Meteorites (5/e). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge; New York; Oakleigh; Madrid; Cape Town. 689 pages.
External Links
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=12286 -Kesen@MetBullDatabase
http://www.encyclopedia-of-meteorites.com/test/kesen_national_science_museum.jpg -Kesen@Nat. Sci. Mus. (Japan)
https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/get_original_photo.php?recno=5630294 -Kesen specimen
http://www.meteoritehistory.info/AJS/S3VIEWS/V45P064.HTM -Kesen, an early report (1893).
http://www.encyclopedia-of-meteorites.com/test/kesen_national_science_museum.jpg -Kesen@Nat. Sci. Mus. (Japan)
https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/get_original_photo.php?recno=5630294 -Kesen specimen
http://www.meteoritehistory.info/AJS/S3VIEWS/V45P064.HTM -Kesen, an early report (1893).
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