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Khatyrkite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Formula:

(Cu,Zn)Al₂

Colour:

Greyish-yellow

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

5½

Specific Gravity:

4.42 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Name:

Named for the Khatyrka River, the type locality.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia

This page provides mineralogical data about Khatyrkite.

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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

2197

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:2197:1

GUID
(UUID V4):

036df121-f247-48e1-94c9-2990466b4e03

IMA Classification of KhatyrkiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

CuAl₂

First published:

1985

Type description reference:

Razin, L.V., Rudashevskij, N.S., and Vyalsov, L.N. (1985) New natural intermetallic compounds of aluminium, copper and zinc—khatyrkite CuAl2, cupalite, CuAl and zinc aluminides—from hyperbasites of dunite-harzburgite formation. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 114: 90–100 (in Russian).

Classification of KhatyrkiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

1.AA.15

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
A : Copper-cupalite family

Dana 7th ed.:

1.1.23.2

Dana 8th ed.:

1.1.15.2

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group

Hey's CIM Ref.:

1.22

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Ktk	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KhatyrkiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Greyish-yellow

Hardness:

5½ on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₁₀₀=511 - 568 kg/mm² - Vickers

Tenacity:

Malleable

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
{100}, distinct.

Density:

4.42 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of KhatyrkiteHide

Anisotropism:

Distinct, grayish yellow to brownish red.

Colour in reflected light:

isotropic sections are pale blue, anisotropic sections are blue to creamy pink

Chemistry of KhatyrkiteHide

Mindat Formula:

(Cu,Zn)Al₂

Elements listed:

Al, Cu, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KhatyrkiteHide

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Class (H-M):

4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

I4/mcm

Setting:

I4/mcm

Cell Parameters:

a = 6.06(1) Å, c = 4.87(1) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 0.804

Unit Cell V:

178.84 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0013668	Khatyrkite	Meetsma A, de Boer J L, van Smaalen S (1989) Refinement of the crystal structure of tetragonal Al2Cu Journal of Solid State Chemistry 83 370-372		1989	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Khatyrkite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Meetsma A'
'de Boer J L'
'van Smaalen S'
_journal_name_full 'Journal of Solid State Chemistry'
_journal_volume 83 
_journal_year 1989
_journal_page_first 370
_journal_page_last 372
_publ_section_title
;
 Refinement of the crystal structure of tetragonal Al2Cu
;
_database_code_amcsd 0013668
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Cu Al2'
_cell_length_a 6.067
_cell_length_b 6.067
_cell_length_c 4.877
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 179.515
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      4.348
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I 4/m c m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '-y,-x,1/2+z'
  '1/2-y,1/2-x,+z'
  'y,x,1/2-z'
  '1/2+y,1/2+x,-z'
  'y,-x,-z'
  '1/2+y,1/2-x,1/2-z'
  '-y,x,z'
  '1/2-y,1/2+x,1/2+z'
  'x,-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,+z'
  '-x,y,1/2-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  'x,y,-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  'y,x,1/2+z'
  '1/2+y,1/2+x,+z'
  '-y,-x,1/2-z'
  '1/2-y,1/2-x,-z'
  '-y,x,-z'
  '1/2-y,1/2+x,1/2-z'
  'y,-x,z'
  '1/2+y,1/2-x,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,+z'
  'x,-y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Cu   0.00000   0.00000   0.25000
Al   0.15810   0.65810   0.00000
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Cu 0.00870 0.00870 0.00620 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
Al 0.01040 0.01040 0.01090 -0.00210 0.00000 0.00000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.27 Å	(10)
2.119 Å	(8)
2.372 Å	(7)
1.920 Å	(7)
3.04 Å	(5)
1.894 Å	(4)
2.156 Å	(2)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration	4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases	4.566-4.560

Type Occurrence of KhatyrkiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia

General Appearance of Type Material:

As prismatic crystals, to 400 µm, and intimately intergrown with cupalite in small grains

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1687/1.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Meteorite panned from river.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Cupalite

Reference:

Download:

http://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/ZVMO114N1_90.pdf

Synonyms of KhatyrkiteHide

IMA1983-085

Other Language Names for KhatyrkiteHide

German:Khatyrkit

Simplified Chinese:铝锌铜矿

Spanish:Khatyrkita

Traditional Chinese:鋁鋅銅礦

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

1.AA.05	Aluminium	Al	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Copper	Cu	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Gold	Au	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Lead	Pb	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Nickel	Ni	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	Silver	Ag	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05	UM2004-08-E:AuCuPd	Cu₂PdAu
1.AA.05	UM1991-06-E:AuCu	Au₃Cu
1.AA.05	Copper Group
1.AA.05	Steinhardtite	Al_0.38Ni_0.32Fe_0.30	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Im3m
1.AA.05a	Auricupride Subgroup
1.AA.10a	Auricupride	Cu₃Au	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.10b	Tetra-auricupride	AuCu	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/mmm
1.AA.10a	Cuproauride	Cu₃Au
1.AA.10	Nickel Group
1.AA.15	Anyuiite	AuPb₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mcm
1.AA.15	Novodneprite	AuPb₃	Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
1.AA.15	UM1985-02-E:AlZn	(Zn,Cu)Al₂
1.AA.20	Cupalite	(Cu,Zn)Al	Orth.
1.AA.25	Hunchunite	Au₂Pb	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
1.AA.30	Stolperite	AlCu	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.35	Hollisterite	Al₃Fe	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
1.AA.40	Icosahedrite	Al₆₃Cu₂₄Fe₁₃	Icos. 5 3m : Fm 3 5
1.AA.45	Kryachkoite	(Al,Cu)₆(Fe,Cu)	Orth. mm2 : Cmc2₁
1.AA.50	Proxidecagonite	Al₃₄Ni₉Fe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KhatyrkiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-2197.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for KhatyrkiteHide

Reference List:

Havinga, E.E., Damsma, H., Hokkeling, P. (1971) Compounds and pseudo-binary alloys with the CuAl2(C16)- type structure. Journal of the Less-Common Metals: 27: 169-186.

Hawthorne, Frank C., Fleischer, Michael, Grew, Edward S., Grice, Joel D., Jambor, John L., Puziewicz, J., Roberts, Andrew C., Vanko, D. A., Zilczer, J. A. (1986) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 71. 1277-1282

Meetsma, A., de Boer, J.L., van Smaalen, S. (1989) Refinement of the crystal structure of tetragonal Al2Cu. Journal of Solid State Chemistry: 83: 370-372.

Steinhardt, P. J., & Bindi, L. (2012). In search of natural quasicrystals. Reports on progress in physics, 75(9), 092601.

Ivanova, M.A., Lorenz, C.A., Borisovskiy, S.E., Burmistrov, A.A., Korost, D.V., Korochantsev, A.V., Logunova, M.N., Shornikov, S.I., Petaev, M.I. (2017) Composition and origin of holotype Al-Cu-Zn minerals in relation to quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 52(5), 869-883.

Andronicos, C.L., Bindi, L., Distler, V.V., Hollister, L.S., Lin, C., MacPherson, G.J., Steinhardt, P.J., Yudovskaya, M. (2018) Comment on “Composition and origin of holotype Al-Cu-Zn minerals in relation to quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite” by M. Ivanova et al.(2017). Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 53(11), 2430-2340.

Suttle, M.D., Twegar, K., Nava, J., Spiess, R., Spratt, J., Campanale, F., Folco, L. (2019) A unique CO-like micrometeorite hosting an exotic Al-Cu-Fe-bearing assemblage – close affinities with the Khatyrka meteorite. Scientific Reports: 9: 12426; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48937-0

Hu, J., Asimow, P. D., Ma, C., & Bindi, L. (2020). First synthesis of a unique icosahedral phase from the Khatyrka meteorite by shock-recovery experiment. IUCrJ, 7(3), 434-444. (synthetic)

(2023) Khatyrkite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for KhatyrkiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Egypt
Red Sea Governorate ⓘ Wadi Deiat	Fawzy et al. (2022)

Russia (TL)
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Anadyrsky District Iomrautvaam massif ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite (TL)	Pekov (1998) +1 other reference

Sudan
Northern State ⓘ KT01 micrometeorite	Suttle et al. (2019) +1 other reference

Khatyrkite

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of KhatyrkiteHide

Classification of KhatyrkiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of KhatyrkiteHide

Optical Data of KhatyrkiteHide

Chemistry of KhatyrkiteHide

Crystallography of KhatyrkiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of KhatyrkiteHide

Synonyms of KhatyrkiteHide

Other Language Names for KhatyrkiteHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for KhatyrkiteHide

References for KhatyrkiteHide

Localities for KhatyrkiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide