 | Jackson, M. D., Chae, S. R., Mulcahy, S. R., Meral, C., Taylor, R., Li, P., Emwas, A.-H., Moon, J., Yoon, S., Vola, G., Wenk, H.-R., Monteiro, P. J. M. (2013) Unlocking the secrets of Al-tobermorite in Roman seawater concrete. American Mineralogist, 98 (10) 1669-1687 doi:10.2138/am.2013.4484 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Cimprogetti S.p.A., Via Pasubio 5, 24044, Dalmine, Italy 6 Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara...submerged in the Bay of Pozzuoli (Baianus Sinus), near Naples, have unique aluminum-rich and silica-poor compositions...coordination. The concrete is about 45 vol% glassy zeolitic tuff and 55 vol% hydrated lime-volcanic ash mortar; lime...packed this with decimeter-sized chunks of zeolitic tuff into underwater forms (Oleson et al. 2004). The...intermingled with altered pumice and glass relicts in a complex cementitious matrix, which includes 11 Å Al-tobermorite |  | | Journal (issue) | | the subject- here we will explore the various crystal shapes and learn about them in more detail. You...They tend to be brightly coloured and have fine crystal shapes. Many are used in industry as insecticides...and an attractive crystal shape. Sulphides are good conductors of electricity. CRYSTAL SYSTEM There are...are 7 main crystal systems: Cubic- Crystals that are essentially cube-shaped, like dice, with three pairs...pyrite and salt. Monoclinic- One of the most common crystal systems. No pair of faces is the same length, breadth |  | | Book | | by Anthony Duke. Anthony Duke also supplied the crystal structure diagrams appearing throughout the Directory...the water has exposed sand and surfaces, each a crystal of calcite gravel banks. You will see stone upon...shown that its interior is far more dynamic and complex than anyone ever thought. Beneath the thin rocky...But isolated high mountain peaks, like Kenya's Mount Kilimanjaro - some 5895m (19,340 ft) high - are...Asia to build the Himalayas (see below). A more complex picture In recent years, however, geologists have |  | | Book | | Rocks or minerals that exhibit a more varied or complex range, are of special interest, or are particularly...full-page entries. Blue, white, an and these are g crystal. The elo hardness is ma its length. Kyan of its...ar ROUGH LAPIS LAZULI COMPOSITION Silicate. CRYSTAL SYSTEM Cubic. CLEAVAGE/FRACTURE Imperfect/Uneven...and colour variations. COMPOSITION Silicate. CRYSTAL SYSTEM Monoclinic, pseudo- orthorhombic. CLEAVAGE/FRACTURE...crystals are often bent; rkedly greater across a crystal than along nite forms at temperatures between those |  | | Book | | Hypabyssal Rocks 1.4 Igneous Textures 1.4.1 Crystal Size 1.4.2 Crystal Shape 1.5 Igneous Structures 1.5.1 Structures...Identification of Contrasting Processes Forming Seguam and Mount Saint Helens 7.5 Magma Generation at Convergent...dome and pyroclastic flow within the caldera of Mount Saint Helens 14 (A) Geologic sketch map of Shiprock...granodiorite dike cutting the Laramie anorthosite complex, Wyoming, USA. (B) Fine-grained granodiorite autolith...that has undergone fractional crystallization and crystal settling 3.1 Schematic diagram showing the structure |  | | Book | | are Crystals? Crystal Habits 20 22 Phosphates, Vanadates, and Arsenates 147 Crystal Systems Gems ...profile information (including illustration of crystal system in mineral entries) MINERALS | CARBONATES...o p q vitreous lustre 3.8 KEY rhombohedral crystal PROFILE Monoclinic 4 m n o p q name of mineral...vitreous lustre blocky, azure blue crystal Spectacular crystal This group of rhodochrosite rhombohedrons...quartz crystals. VARIANTS Bladed crystal A single, bladed azurite crystal Tabular crystals Thin, parallel | | | Book | | Vanadates, and Arsenates 147 Crystal Systems What are Crystals? Crystal Habits Gems Silicates 166...profile information (including illustration of crystal system in mineral entries) name of mineral or...chemical composition and a distinctive internal crystal structure. Most minerals are formed inorganically...composition and are both iron sulfide, their differing crystal structures make them different minerals. rosette-shaped...atom ¥ a 7 A CARBONATE RADICAL Simple and complex compounds In carbonates, a simple carbon and oxygen |  | | Book | | of some mine rals. line drawings illustrate the crystal structure ur d eavage patterns. A fact panel summarizes...atomic structure that gives them a characteristic crystal shape. The study of minerals is the oldest branch...light from a series of parallel surfaces within a crystal. It is shown by talc and cleavage faces of selenite...related to the crystal systrm to which a miuernl belongs (see the sectio11 on ·crystal systems· below)...solids bounded by Ila! (or planar) faces. The crystal shape reflects the internal arra11gemenl of the |  | | Book (edition) | | chemistry come first and are followed by the more complex varieties. Each separate group has a short introduction...rounding the edges of small fragments. prismatic crystal specimen shown is hand-size Beryl rock groundmass...groundmass vitreous luster perfect prismatic crystal to help identification, different varieties of... specific gravity name and visual outline of crystal system vitreous luster Morganite Cleavage: Indistinct...(intrusive) Classification: Mafic Occurrence: Volcano crystal shape: euhedral is well formed, anhedral is poorly |  | | Book (edition) | | mineral entry features an illustration showing the crystal system mineral belongs. F'inally, a to which...chemistry come first, and are followed by the more complex varieties. Each separate group has a short introduction...identifying features name and • visual outline of crystal system inchoidj specific gravity * how a mineral... amygdales, set in fine-grained rock's • . crystal shape: euhedral wellformed, anhedral is poorly...vary within fixed limits. Each and every quartz crystal, whether crystallized in a a \ sandstone vein |  | | Book (edition) | | States Geological Survey BV Bulletin Volcanologique (Naples) C Ceredigion CG Colliery Guardian Circular of... Interpretation of seismic records suggests a complex structure, with each new Acritarch slice thrust...(Cathrein, 1890; Brogger, 1895.) [Mt. Adamello, N. Italy.] Adaptive radiation. 'The speciation that may ensue...crystallization was not able to form its own proper crystal faces but had to adapt itself to the faces of other...Anamorphism. Metamorphism in which chemically complex minerals are produced at the expense of simpler |  | | Book (edition) | | IPETR I Pertaining to t he growth of a cumulus crystal so as to exclude the growth of other phases: results...metamorphic rock constituent which retains its original crystal outlines in the new rock. { d'lath·;;i,mórf} allothogene...minerals in igneous rock not bounded by their own crystal faces but having their outlines impressed on them...great pressure, resulting in the formation of complex minera Is from simple ones. í ,an ·.i'mór·fiz·::im...interna! structure of a crystal without the externa! geometric form of a crystal. ( an'hed·r.)n} anhydrite |  | | Book | | amount of snow or ice removed by the pro¬ ence in crystal description. It is the axis that is oriented hori¬...front-to-back. In an orthorhombic or triclinic crystal, ablation area The part of a glacier or snowfield...a direction, a* axis That axis of a reciprocal crystal lattice which is per¬ pendicular to (100). Cf:...pulverized mineral in water, and resulting from a complex of of pollen deposited per unit area in a given...occurs at the upper end of a drainage line. more complex origin to most mineral deposits, Syn: stream abstraction |  | | Book (edition) | | megapascal(s) * No Greek letter symbols appear 2. Complex units are developed by multiplying or dividing...three crystallographic axes used as reference in crystal description. It is oriented horizontally, front...fractured (Shand, 1947). Modern thought ascribes more complex origins to mineral deposits. AGI abyssal zone The...e.g., natrolite. Nelson b. Slender needlelike crystal. c. Refers to needlelike crystals. CF: equant;...<90 degrees between the optic axes in a biaxial crystal, bxa. CF: optic angle adamantine a. Like the diamond |
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Mount Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples, Campania, Italy