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Harduinia ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	259534	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=259534

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida : Harduinia

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Echinozoa	von Zittel 1895
class	Echinoidea
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea
-	Carinacea	Kroh and Smith 2010
-	Irregularia
-	Microstomata	Smith 1984
-	Neognathostomata	Smith 1981
order	Cassiduloida	Agassiz and Desor 1847
genus	Harduinia	d'Archiac and Haime 1853

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Harduinia	subgenus	belongs to Procassidulus	stated without evidence	Lambert and Thiéry, 1921
Harduinia	genus	belongs to Faujasiidae	stated without evidence	Kier, 1962
Harduinia	genus	belongs to Cassiduloida	stated with evidence	Smith, 2001
Harduinia	genus	belongs to Cassiduloida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

145 - 101 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Last Recorded Appearance

59.2 - 56.0 Ma
Paleocene

Environment

marine (based on Echinodermata)

Motility

slow-moving (based on Cassiduloida)

Vision

limited (based on Echinoidea)

Diet

detritivore (based on Cassiduloida)

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Echinodermata)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite (based on Cassiduloida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

E. d'Archiac and J. Haime. 1853. Description des animaux fossiles du groupe nummulitique de l'Inde, précédée d'un résumé géologique et d'une monographie des nummulites. Gide & J. Baudry, Paris

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Hardouinia aequorea ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	8	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	59.2 Ma Paleocene
Hardouinia bassleri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	6	85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia florealis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia kellumi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	3	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia mcglameryae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia micrococcus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	6	145 Ma Late Jurassic	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia mortonis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	25	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia stantoni ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	2	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hardouinia taylori ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	2	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1853	Hardouinia d'Archiac and Haime p. 214
1858	Gonioclypeus Emmons
1921	Procassidulus (Hardouinia) Lambert and Thiéry
1962	Hardouinia Kier p. 144
1966	Hardouinia Kier p. U512
2001	Harduinia Smith
2002	Hardouinia Sepkoski, Jr.

References

d'Archiac E., Haime J. , Description des animaux fossiles du groupe nummulitique de l'Inde, précédée d'un résumé géologique et d'une monographie des nummulites. Gide & J. Baudry, Paris, 1-373

Lambert J., Thiéry P. (1921) Essai de nomenclature raisonnée des échinides, L. Ferrière, Chaumont 5, 321-384

Kier P. M. (1962) Revision of the cassiduloid echinoids, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 144 3, 1-262

Kier P. M. (1966) Cassiduloids, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U. Echinodermata. 3 (2). Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Boulder and Lawrence, U492-U523

Smith A. B. (2001) Probing the cassiduloid origins of clypeasteroid echinoids using stratigraphically restricted parsimony analysis, Paleobiology 27 2, 392-404 doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2001)027<0392:PTCOOC>2.0.CO;2

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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