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Pseudosuchia

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	54991	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=54991

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Pseudosuchia

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
suborder	Pseudosuchia

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pseudosuchia	order	belongs to Crocodilia	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Pseudosuchia	suborder	belongs to Thecodontia	stated without evidence	Huene, 1922
Pseudosuchia	suborder	belongs to Parasuchia	stated without evidence	Roxo, 1937
Pseudosuchia	suborder	belongs to Thecodontia	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1946
Pseudosuchia	suborder	belongs to Thecodontia	stated without evidence	Bock, 1952
Pseudosuchia	suborder	belongs to Thecodontia	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1964
Pseudosuchia	suborder	belongs to Crocodilomorphi	stated without evidence	Cooper, 1981
Pseudosuchia	unranked clade	belongs to Archosauria	stated without evidence	Gauthier and Padian, 1985
Pseudosuchia	unranked clade	belongs to Archosauria	stated with evidence	Nesbitt, 2011
Pseudosuchia	unranked clade	belongs to Archosauria	stated without evidence	Lautenschlager and Desojo, 2011
Pseudosuchia	unranked clade	belongs to Archosauria	stated with evidence	Ezcurra, 2016
Pseudosuchia	unranked clade	belongs to Archosauria	stated without evidence	Patrick et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

1,485

Extant Size (PBDB)

72 (4.8%)

First Recorded Appearance

252 - 247 Ma
Phanerozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Diapsida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Pseudosuchia)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

P. M. Galton. 1985. The poposaurid thecodontian Teratosaurus suevicus v. Meyer, plus referred specimens mostly based on prosauropod dinosaurs, from the Middle Stubensandstein (Upper Triassic) of Nordwürttemberg. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 116:1-29

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Aetosauroidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Chirotherioidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)	2	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Elachistosuchoidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Ornithosuchoidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Proterosuchoidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Scleromochloidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Sphenosuchoidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Aetosauridae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Chirotheriidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	171	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Erpetosuchidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Gwyneddichniidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)
Rotodactylidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Synaptichniidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Browniella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ingenierichnus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Koilamasuchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Nundasuchus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Procerosuchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	242 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Prochirotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	260 Ma Permian	260 Ma Permian
Rileyasuchus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Thecodontichnus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	260 Ma Permian	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Youngosuchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Ornithosuchidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	237 Ma Middle Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Phytosauria ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	499	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Suchia unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	5,262	252 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1877	Dasygnathus longidens Huxley
1890	Pseudosuchia Zittel
1898	Pseudosuchia Gadow p. 19
1922	Pseudosuchia Huene p. 22
1937	Pseudosuchia Roxo p. 44
1940	Dongusia Huene
1940	Dongusia colorata Huene
1946	Pseudosuchia Kuhn p. 63
1952	Pseudosuchia Bock p. 409
1954	Pseudosuchia Haughton and Brink p. 4
1954	Pseudosuchia Huene p. 42
1958	Pseudosuchia Huene p. 205
1964	Pseudosuchia Kuhn p. 317
1964	Ornithosuchus longidens Walker
1964	Chasmatosaurus ultimus Young
1966	Pseudosuchia Kuhn p. 70

Year	Name and Author
1971	Pseudosuchida Kuhn p. 12
1976	Chasmatosaurus ultimus Charig and Sues p. 24
1981	Pseudosuchia Cooper p. 694
1985	Pseudosuchia Gauthier and Padian pp. 187-189 fig. 1
1988	Dongusia Carroll
1989	Pseudosuchia Gauthier et al. p. 345
2000	Dongusia Gower and Sennikov
2000	Dongusia colorata Gower and Sennikov
2007	Pseudosuchia Parker
2007	Pseudosuchia Schoch
2011	Pseudosuchia Lautenschlager and Desojo
2011	Pseudosuchia Nesbitt pp. 15, 194 figs. 6, 51
2011	Ornithosuchus longidens Nesbitt p. 22
2013	Ornithosuchus longidens Von Baczko and Ezcurra
2016	Pseudosuchia Ezcurra
2019	Pseudosuchia Patrick et al.

References

Galton P. M. (1985) The poposaurid thecodontian Teratosaurus suevicus v. Meyer, plus referred specimens mostly based on prosauropod dinosaurs, from the Middle Stubensandstein (Upper Triassic) of Nordwürttemberg, Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 116, 1-29

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Huene F. v. (1922) The Triassic reptilian order Thecodontia, The American Journal of Science, series 5 4, 22-26

Kuhn O. (1946) Das System der fossilen und rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien [The system of fossil and recent amphibians and reptiles], Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bamberg 29, 49-67

Bock W. (1952) Triassic reptilian tracks and trends of locomotive evolution, Journal of Paleontology 26 3, 395-433

Haughton S. H., Brink A. S. (1954) A bibliographical list of Reptilia from the Karroo Beds of South Africa, Palaeontologia Africana 2, 1-187

Huene F. v. (1954) , Die Saurierwelt und ihre Geschichtlichen Zusammenhänge [The World of Reptiles and the History of Their Interrelationships]. 2nd, revised edition, 1-66

Kuhn O. (1964) Ungelöste Probleme der Stammesgeschichte der Amphibien und Reptilien [Unsolved problems of the phylogeny of amphibians and reptiles], Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 118/119, 293-325

Walker A. D. (1964) Triassic reptiles from the Elgin area: Ornithosuchus and the origin of carnosaurs, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences 248, 53-134

Young C.-C. (1964) The pseudosuchians in China, Palaeontologia Sinica 19, 1-205

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Kuhn O. (1971) , Die Saurier der deutschen Trias [Reptiles of the German Triassic], 1-105

Charig A. J., Sues H.-D. (1976) Suborder Proterosuchia Broom 1906b, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie 13, 11-39

Cooper M. R. (1981) The prosauropod dinosaur Massospondylus carinatus Owen from Zimbabwe: its biology, mode of life and phylogenetic significance, Occasional Papers of the National Museums and Monuments of Rhodesia, Series B, Natural Sciences 6 10, 689-840

Gauthier J. A., Padian K. (1985) Phylogenetic, functional, and aerodynamic analyses of the origin of birds and their flight, In M. K. Hecht, J. H. Ostrom, G. Viohl, and P. Wellnhofer (eds.), The Beginnings of Birds: Proceedings of the International Archaeopteryx Conference, Eichstätt 1984. Freunde des Jura-Museums Eichstätt, Eichstätt, 185-197

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Gauthier J. A., Cannatella D., et al (1989) Tetrapod phylogeny, In B. Fernholm, K. Bremer, & H. Jörnvall (eds.), The Hierarchy of Life. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, 337-353

Gower D. J., Sennikov A. G. (2000) Early Archosaurs from Russia, The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 140-159

Parker W. G. (2007) Reassessment of the Aetosaur "Desmatosuchus" chamaensis with a reanalysis of the phylogeny of the Aetosauria (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 5, 41-67

Schoch R. R. (2007) Osteology of the small archosaur Aetosaurus from the Upper Triassic of Germany, Neues Jahrbuch für Paläontologie und Geologie, Abhandlungen 246, 1-35

Lautenschlager S., Desojo J. B. (2011) Reassessment of the Middle Triassic rauisuchian archosaurs Ticinosuchus ferox and Stagonosuchus nyassicus, Palaeontologische Zeitschrift doi:10.1007/s12542-011-0105-1

Nesbitt S. J. (2011) The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 353, 1-292

Von Baczko M. B., Ezcurra M. D. (2013) Ornithosuchidae: a group of Triassic archosaurs with a unique ankle joint, Anatomy, Phylogeny and Palaeobiology of Early Archosaurs and their Kin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 379 doi:10.1144/SP379.4

Ezcurra M. D. (2016) The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms, PeerJ 4, e1778

Patrick E. L., Whiteside D. I., et al (2019) A new crurotarsan archosaur from the Late Triassic of South Wales, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39 3, e1645147 doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1645147

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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