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Avetheropoda

Photos

Photo Gallery

Tyrannosaurus rex

Dawson County, Montana, USA

Tyrannosaurus rex

Hell Creek Claims, Yogo, Judith Basin County, Montana, USA

Tyrannosauridae

Montana, USA

Tyrannosaurus rex

Dawson County, Montana, USA

Tyrannosaurus rex

Hell Creek Claims, Yogo, Judith Basin County, Montana, USA

Tyrannosauridae

Montana, USA

Tyrannosaurus rex

Dawson County, Montana, USA

Tyrannosaurus rex

Hell Creek Claims, Yogo, Judith Basin County, Montana, USA

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	55483	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=55483

Rank

order (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988

Common Name

avetheropod

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Theropoda	stated without evidence	Paul, 1988
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Tetanurae	stated with evidence	Holtz, 1994
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Tetanurae	stated without evidence	Holtz, 1995
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Tetanurae	stated with evidence	Holtz, 2000
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Tetanurae	stated without evidence	Yates, 2005
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Orionides	stated with evidence	Carrano et al., 2012
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Tetanurae	stated with evidence	Hendrickx and Mateus, 2014
Avetheropoda	order	belongs to Tetanurae	stated without evidence	Apesteguia et al., 2016

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

6,642

Extant Size (PBDB)

3,027 (46%)

First Recorded Appearance

209 - 201 Ma
Mesozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Theropoda)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

G. S. Paul. 1988. Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. Simon & Schuster, New York

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Coelurosauria suborder	listed (PBDB)	Coelurosaur	15,002	201 Ma Early Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Compsognathia ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)
Protoavia suborder	listed (PBDB)
Coeluria ✝ infraorder	listed (PBDB)
Bahariasaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gualicho ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Shanyangosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Carnosauria ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	Carnosaur	459	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1932	Iliosuchus Huene p. 52
1932	Iliosuchus incognitus Huene pp. 52-53 figs. Pl. 3:2
1970	Megalosaurus incognitus Steel p. 35
1976	Iliosuchus incognitus Galton pp. 587-589 fig. 1
1976	Iliosuchus Galton p. 588
1977	Iliosuchus Galton p. 230
1979	Iliosuchus Madsen and Miller p. 5
1979	Iliosuchus incognitus Madsen and Miller p. 26
1988	Iliosuchus Carroll
1988	Iliosuchus incognitus Paul p. 294
1988	Avetheropoda Paul p. 296
1989	Iliosuchus Kurzanov p. 4
1990	Iliosuchus Molnar et al. p. 191
1990	Iliosuchus incognitus Molnar et al. p. 191
1994	Avetheropoda Holtz
1995	Avetheropoda Holtz, Jr. p. 35A

Year	Name and Author
1996	Avetheropoda Holtz, Jr. p. 42A
1996	Iliosuchus incognitus Osmólska p. 30
1998	Avetheropoda Holtz, Jr. p. 39
1998	Avetheropoda Mateus p. 120 fig. 6
2000	Iliosuchus incognitus Foster and Chure pp. 5-6
2000	Avetheropoda Holtz, Jr. p. 13 fig. 5
2004	Avetheropoda Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 72
2004	Iliosuchus Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 73
2004	Iliosuchus incognitus Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 73
2005	Iliosuchus incognitus Galton and Molnar p. 12
2005	Avetheropoda Yates p. 118 fig. 9
2006	Avetheropoda Mateus et al. p. 127
2007	Iliosuchus incognitus Naish and Martill p. 502
2012	Avetheropoda Carrano et al. p. 251
2014	Avetheropoda Hendrickx and Mateus
2016	Avetheropoda Apesteguia et al.

References

Paul G. S. (1988) , Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. Simon & Schuster, New York, 1-464

Huene F. v. (1932) Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte [The fossil reptile order Saurischia, their development and history], Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, serie 1 4 1-2, 1-361

Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87

Galton P. M. (1977) The Upper Jurassic dinosaur Dryosaurus and a Laurasia-Gondwana connection in the Upper Jurassic, Nature 268 5617, 230-232

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Holtz, Jr. T. R. (1994) The phylogenetic position of the Tyrannosauridae: implications for theropod systematics, Journal of Paleontology 68 5, 1100-1117

Osmólska H. (1996) An unusual theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 41 1, 1-38

Mateus O. (1998) Lourinhanosaurus antunesi, a new Upper Jurassic allosauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Lourinhã, Portugal, Memórias da Academia de Ciências de Lisboa 37, 111-124

Holtz, Jr. T. R., Molnar R. E., et al (2004) Basal Tetanurae, The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 71-110

Yates A. M. (2005) A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa and its implications for the early evolution of theropods, Palaeontologia Africana 41, 105-122

Mateus O., Walen A., et al (2006) The large theropod fauna of the Lourinhã Formation (Portugal) and its similarity to that of the Morrison Formation, with a description of a new species of Allosaurus, Paleontology and Geology of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 36, 123-129

Naish D., Martill D. M. (2007) Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: basal Dinosauria and Saurischia, Journal of the Geological Society, London 164, 493-510

Carrano M. T., Benson R. B. J., et al (2012) The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10 2, 211-300 doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.630927

Hendrickx C., Mateus O. (2014) Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal and dentition-based phylogeny as a contribution for the indentification of isolated theropod teeth, Zootaxa 3759 1, 1-74

Apesteguia S., Smith N. D., et al (2016) An unusual new theropod with a didactyl manus from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina, PLoS One 11 7, e0157793 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157793

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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