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Plectambonitoidea ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	85005	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=85005

Rank

superfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Plectambonitoidea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Strophomenata	Williams et al 1996
order	Strophomenida	Opik 1934
superfamily	Plectambonitoidea	Jones 1928

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Plectambonitoidea	superfamily	belongs to Strophomenida	stated with evidence	Jin and Chatterton, 1997
Plectambonitoidea	superfamily	belongs to Strophomenida	stated without evidence	Zhan and Jin, 2005
Plectambonitoidea	superfamily	belongs to Strophomenida	stated with evidence	Hints and Harper, 2008
Plectambonitoidea	superfamily	belongs to Strophomenata	stated with evidence	Hansen and Holmer, 2011
Plectambonitoidea	superfamily	belongs to Strophomenida	stated with evidence	Rubel, 2011

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

593

First Recorded Appearance

488 - 478 Ma
Paleozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

359 - 347 Ma
Paleozoic

Motility

stationary (based on Strophomenida)

Vision

blind (based on Strophomenata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Strophomenida)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R.-B. Zhan and J. Jin. 2005. Brachiopods from the Dashaba Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Sichuan Province, south-west China. Special Papers in Palaeontology 74:1-63

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Aegiromenidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	439	468 Ma Middle Ordovician	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Allwynellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	468 Ma Middle Ordovician	458 Ma Middle Ordovician
Alwynellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Anoptambonitidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	458 Ma Middle Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Bimuriidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	78	468 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Grorudiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	44	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Hesperomenidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	138	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Leptellinidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	448	488 Ma Cambrian	433 Ma Silurian
Leptestiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	633	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	427 Ma Silurian
Plectambonitidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	241	485 Ma Cambrian	443 Ma Silurian
Sowerbyellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2,414	488 Ma Cambrian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Syndielasmatidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	56	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Taffiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	230	488 Ma Cambrian	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Tafflidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)
Xenambonitidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1928	Plectambonitacea Jones
1928	Plectambonitoidea Jones
1959	Plectambonitacea Rõõmusoks
1974	Plectambonitacea Neuman and Bruton
1977	Plectambonitacea Mitchell
1982	Plectambonitacea Owen and Harper
1988	Plectambonitacea Howe p. 214
1997	Plectambonitoidea Jin and Chatterton
2000	Plectambonitoidea Williams et al. p. 304
2002	Paucicostella Sepkoski, Jr.

Year	Name and Author
2004	Plectambonitoidea Musteikis and Cocks
2005	Plectambonitoidea Zhan and Jin
2008	Plectambonitoidea Hints and Harper
2010	Plectambonitoidea Cocks
2011	Plectambonitoidea Hansen and Holmer
2011	Plectambonitoidea Rubel
2014	Plectambonitoidea Jakobsen et al.
2015	Plectambonitoidea Hints and Harper
2016	Plectambonitoidea Paškevi?ius and Hints
2017	Plectambonitoidea Liljeroth et al.

References

Zhan R.-B., Jin J. (2005) Brachiopods from the Dashaba Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Sichuan Province, south-west China, Special Papers in Palaeontology 74, 1-63

Rõõmusoks A. (1959) Strophomenoidea des Ordoviziums und Silurs von Estland 1. Die Gattung SOWERBYELLA Jones, Tartu Riikliku Ülikooli Toimetised, 11-50

Neuman R. B., Bruton D. L. (1974) Early Middle Ordovician fossils from the Hølonda area, Trondheim Region, Norway, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 54, 69-115

Mitchell W. I. (1977) The Ordovician Brachiopoda from Pomeroy, Co. Tyrone, The Palaeontographical Society Monographs 130 545, 1-138

Owen A. W., Harper D. A. T. (1982) The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo Region, Norway, 31. The upper Caradoc trilobites and brachiopods from Vestbraten, Ringerike, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 62, 95-120

Howe H. J. (1988) Articulate brachiopods from the Richmondian of Tennessee, Journal of Paleontology 62 2, 204-218

Jin J., Chatterton B. D. E. (1997) Latest Ordovician-Silurian articulate brachiopods and biostratigraphy of the Avalanche Lake area, southwestern District of Mackenzie, Canada, Palaeontographica Canadiana 13, 1-62

Williams A., Carlson S. J., et al (2000) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part)., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 1-919

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Musteikis P., Cocks L. R. M. (2004) Strophomenide and orthotetide Silurian brachiopods from the Baltic region, with particular reference to Lithuanian boreholes, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49 3, 455-482

Zhan R.-B., Jin J. (2005) New data on the Foliomena fauna (Brachiopoda) from the Upper Ordovician of South China, Journal of Paleontology 79 4, 670-686

Hints L., Harper D. A. T. (2008) The brachiopods Alwynella and Grorudia: homeomorphic plectambonitoids in the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Baltoscandia, Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, 271-280

Cocks L. R. (2010) Caradoc Strophomenoid and Plectambonitoid Brachiopods from Wales and the Welsh Borderland, Palaeontology 53 5, 1155-1200

Hansen J., Holmer L. E. (2011) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Ordovician brachiopods from northeastern Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen, Zootaxa 3076, 1-122

Rubel M. (2011) Silurian brachiopods Dictyonellida, Strophomenida, Productida, Orthotetida, Protorthida and Orthida from Estonia, Fossilia Baltica 4, 1-65

Jakobsen K. G., Brock G. A., et al (2014) Brachiopods associated with stromatoporoid mounds from the Middle to Upper Ordovician Cashions Creek Limestone, Tasmania, Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 45 45, 249-265

Hints L., Harper D. A. T. (2015) The Hirnantian (Late Ordovician) brachiopod fauna of the East Baltic: Taxonomy of the key species, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60 2, 395-420 doi:10.4202/app.2013.0010

Paškevičius J., Hints L. (2016) New Early Katian species of Leptestiidae and Hesperorthidae (Brachiopoda) from Lithuania, Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 65 2, 75-84

Liljeroth M., Harper D. A. T., et al (2017) Ordovician rhynchonelliformean brachiopods from Co. Waterford, SE Ireland: Palaeobiogeography of the Leinster Terrane, Fossils and Strata 62, 1-164 doi:10.111/let.12205

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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