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Linguloidea

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	89405	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=89405

Rank

superfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Linguloidea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Linguliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Lingulata	Gorjansky and Popov 1985
order	Lingulida	Waagen 1885
superfamily	Linguloidea	Menke 1828

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Linguloidea	superfamily	belongs to Lingulida	stated with evidence	Holmer, 1993
Linguloidea	superfamily	belongs to Lingulida	stated without evidence	Holmer et al., 1997
Linguloidea	superfamily	belongs to Lingulida	stated with evidence	Bruton and Harper, 2000
Linguloidea	superfamily	belongs to Lingulida	stated without evidence	Popov, 2000
Linguloidea	superfamily	belongs to Lingulida	stated with evidence	Hansen and Holmer, 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

397

Extant Size (PBDB)

19 (4.8%)

First Recorded Appearance

541 - 516 Ma
Cambrian

Motility

facultatively mobile (based on Linguloidea)

Vision

blind (based on Lingulata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Linguloidea)

Ecospace Comments

LIFE HISTORY: Shallow infaunal, facultatively motile, suspension feeding according to Bambach et al (2007).

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Lingulida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

W. Kiessling. 2003. Personal data.

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Aulonotretidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Dysoristidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	501 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Elkaniidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	81	501 Ma Cambrian	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Eoobolidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	46	520 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Kyrshabaktellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	46	520 Ma Cambrian	505 Ma Cambrian
Lingulasmatidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	19	468 Ma Middle Ordovician	443 Ma Silurian
Lingulellotretidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	97	530 Ma Cambrian	470 Ma Middle Ordovician
Lingulidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,563	513 Ma Cambrian	0 Ma Extant
Obolidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,278	541 Ma Cambrian	303 Ma Carboniferous
Paterulidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	132	505 Ma Cambrian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Pseudolingulidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	188	485 Ma Cambrian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Zhanatellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	100	513 Ma Cambrian	466 Ma Middle Ordovician
Bistramia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Laima ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lingulipora ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	372 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Oxlosia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Timalina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Tomasina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	485 Ma Cambrian	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1828	Lingulacea Menke
1828	Linguloidea Menke
1976	Lingulacea Cooper p. 274
1977	Lingulacea Mitchell
1986	Lingulacea Holmer
1989	Lingulacea Holmer
1993	Lingulacea Brock and Cooper p. 780
1993	Linguloidea Holmer
1993	Lingulacea Jin et al. p. 795
1993	Linguloidea Puura and Holmer
1997	Linguloidea Holmer et al. p. 579
2000	Linguloidea Bruton and Harper
2000	Linguloidea Popov
2000	Linguloidea Sutton et al.

Year	Name and Author
2000	Linguloidea Williams et al. p. 32
2003	Linguloidea Kiessling
2005	Linguloidea Emig and Bitner p. 424
2005	Linguloidea Zhan and Jin
2006	Linguloidea Emig and Herrera p. 231
2008	Linguloidea Landing et al. p. 899
2008	Linguloidea Peng and Shi p. 156
2009	Linguloidea Holmer and Bengtson p. 257
2010	Linguloidea Zhan et al.
2011	Linguloidea Hansen and Holmer
2014	Linguloidea Wang et al.
2017	Linguloidea Holmer et al.
2017	Linguloidea Skovsted et al.

References

Kiessling W. (2003) Personal data

Cooper G. A. (1976) Lower Cambrian brachiopods from the Rift Valley (Isreal and Jordan), Journal of Paleontology 50 2, 269-289

Mitchell W. I. (1977) The Ordovician Brachiopoda from Pomeroy, Co. Tyrone, The Palaeontographical Society Monographs 130 545, 1-138

Holmer L. E. (1986) Inarticulate brachiopods around the Middle-Upper Ordovician boundary in Västergötland, Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 108 2, 97-126 doi:10.1080/11035898609452633

Holmer L. E. (1989) Middle Ordovician phosphatic inarticulate brachiopods from Västergötland and Dalarna, Sweden, Fossils and Strata 26, 1-172

Brock G. A., Cooper B.J. (1993) Shelly fossils from the Early Cambrian (Toyonian) Wirrealpa, Arrona Creek, and Ramsay Limestones of South Australia, Journal of Paleontology 67 5, 758-787

Holmer L. E. (1993) The Lower Ordovician brachiopod genus Lamanskya and the Family Elkaniidae, Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 84, 151-160

Jin Y. G., Hou X. G., et al (1993) Lower Cambrian pediculate lingulids from Yunnan, China, Journal of Paleontology 67 5, 788-798

Puura I., Holmer L. E. (1993) Lingulate brachiopods from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds in Sweden, Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 115 3, 215-237 doi:10.1080/11035899309452754

Holmer L. E., Popov L. E., et al (1997) Early Cambrian Lingulellotreta (Lingulata, Brachiopoda) from south Kazakhstan (Malyi Karatau Range) and south China (eastern Yunnan), Journal of Paleontology 71 4, 577-584

Bruton D. L., Harper D. A. T. (2000) A mid-Cambrian shelly fauna from Ritland, western Norway and its palaeogeographical implications, Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 47, 29-51

Popov L. E. (2000) Late Ordovician linguliformean microbrachiopods from north-central Kazakhstan, Alcheringa 24, 257-275

Sutton M. D., Bassett M. G., et al (2000) The type species of Lingulella (Cambrian Brachiopoda), Journal of Paleontology 74 3, 426-438

Williams A., Carlson S. J., et al (2000) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part)., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 1-919

Emig C. C., Bitner M. A. (2005) Glottidia (Brachiopod: Lingulidae) from the Eocene La Meseta Formation, Seymour Island, Antarctica, Palaeontology 48 2, 423-431

Zhan R.-B., Jin J. (2005) New data on the Foliomena fauna (Brachiopoda) from the Upper Ordovician of South China, Journal of Paleontology 79 4, 670-686

Emig C. C., Herrera Z. (2006) Dignomia munsterii (Brachiopoda, Lingulata) from the Ordovician of Bolivia, with redescription of the genus, Geodiversitas 28 2, 227-237

Landing E., Johnson S. C., et al (2008) Faunas and Cambrian volcanism on the Avalonian marginal platform, southern New Brunswick, Journal of Paleontology 82 5, 884-905

Peng Y., Shi G. R. (2008) New Early Triassic Lingulidae (Brachiopoda) genera and species from South China, Alcheringa 32, 149-170

Holmer L. E., Bengtson P. (2009) The first occurrence of a lingulid brachiopod from the Cretaceous of Sergipe, Brazil, with a restudy of ‘Lingula’ bagualensis Wilckens, 1905 from southern Patagonia, Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 83, 255-266

Zhan R.-B., Jin J., et al (2010) Late Cambrian brachiopods from Jingxi, Guangxi Province, South China, Alcheringa 34, 99-133

Hansen J., Holmer L. E. (2011) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Ordovician brachiopods from northeastern Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen, Zootaxa 3076, 1-122

Wang H., Zhang Z., et al (2014) Oldest glosselline linguliform brachiopod with soft parts from the Lower Cambrian of Yunnan, Southern China, G F F 136 4, 539-547

Holmer L.E., Popov L. E., et al (2017) Unusual pitted Ordovician Brachiopods from the east Baltic: The significance of coarsely pitted ornamentations in Linguliforms, Palaeontology, 1-13

Skovsted C. B., Knight I., et al (2017) Depth related brachiopod faunas from the lower Cambrian Forteau Formation of southern Labrador and western Newfoundland, Canada, Palaeontologia Electronica 20.3 54A, 1-52

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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