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Smittoidea

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	1006621	https://www.gbif.org/species/1006621
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	26226	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=26226

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomatida : Smittinidae : Smittoidea

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomata : Smittinidae : Smittoidea

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
-	Polyzoa
phylum	Bryozoa	Ehrenberg 1831
class	Gymnolaemata	Allman 1856
order	Cheilostomata	Busk 1859
suborder	Neocheilostomina	d'Hondt 1985
infraorder	Ascophorina
-	Lepraliomorpha
superfamily	Smittinoidea	Levinsen 1909
family	Smittinidae	Levinsen 1909
genus	Smittoidea	Osburn 1952

Scientific Name

Smittoidea Osburn, 1952

Name Published In

Osburn, R. C. (1952). Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America, Part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. 14(2), 271-611.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Smittoidea	genus	belongs to Smittinidae	stated without evidence	Gordon et al., 1994
Smittoidea	genus	belongs to Escharellidae	stated without evidence	Pouyet, 2000
Smittoidea	genus	belongs to Cheilostomata	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Smittoidea	genus	belongs to Smittinidae	stated without evidence	Schmidt, 2003
Smittoidea	genus	belongs to Smittinidae	stated with evidence	Berning, 2006
Smittoidea	genus	belongs to Smittinidae	stated without evidence	Di Martino and Taylor, 2015

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

3 (75%)

First Recorded Appearance

38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Cheilostomata)

Vision

blind (based on Gymnolaemata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Cheilostomata)

Reproduction

oviparous, brooding (based on Cheilostomata)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Smittinidae)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Smittoidea acutodentata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea albula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea amplissima species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea bulbosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea calcarata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea calceolus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea cancellata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea celestinoi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea circumspecta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea conspicua species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea crepidula ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	21.7 Ma Miocene	21.7 Ma Miocene
Smittoidea cribrooecia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea curtisensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea dentio species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea discoveriae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea errata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea evelinae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea exilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea glabra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea glaciata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea granulosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea hexagonalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea hyalina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea incucula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea levis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea livinstonei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea longiuscula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea magna species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea malleata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea marmorea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea maunganuiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea microoecia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea numma species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea ophidiana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea ornatipectoralis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea pachydermata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea pacifica species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Smittoidea pourquoipasi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea prolifica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea propinqua species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea pugiuncula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea reginae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea reticulata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Smittoidea rhynchota species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea spinigera species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea transversa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea tripora species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea zealandiae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Smittoidea zelandiae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1994	Smittoidea Gordon et al.
1997	Smittoidea Lee et al.
2000	Smittoidea Pouyet
2002	Smittoidea Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Smittoidea Schmidt
2006	Smittoidea Berning p. 78
2006	Smittoidea Bock
2015	Smittoidea Di Martino and Taylor

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Gordon D. P., Stuart I. G., et al (1994) Bryozoan fauna of the Kaipuke Siltstone, northwest Nelson: a Miocene homologue of the modern Tasman Bay coralline bryozoan grounds, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 37 3, 239-247 doi:10.1080/00288306.1994.9514619

Lee D. E., Scholz J., et al (1997) Paleoecology of a Late Eocene Mobile Rockground Biota from North Otago, New Zealand, Palaios 12 6, 568-581 doi:10.2307/3515412

Pouyet S. (2000) Les bryozoaires cheilostomes du Néogène bétique (SE Espagne), Revista Española de Paleontología 15 2, 181-202

Schmidt R. (2003) Eocene bryozoa of the St. Vincent Basin, south Australia – taxonomy, biogeography and palaeoenvironments, 1-343

Berning B. (2006) The cheilostome bryozoan fauna from the Late Miocene of Niebla (Guadalquivir Basin, SW Spain): environmental and biogeographic implications, Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 90, 7-156

Bock P. (2006) http://bryozoa.net

Di Martino E., Taylor P. D. (2015) Miocene Bryozoa from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Part II: ‘Ascophoran’ Cheilostomata., Scripta Geologica 148, 1-142

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Ryland, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Allan Hancock Pacif. Exped., 14 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Obst, Matthias (2008) Svenska Bryozoa 080305. Excelfil. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Clarke, A.; Johnston, N.M. (2003). Antarctic marine benthic diversity. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 41: 47-114. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Gordon, D. P.; Taylor, P. D.; Bigey, F. P. (2009). Phylum Bryozoa: moss animals, sea mats, lace corals. in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. pp. 271-297. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Osburn, R. C. (1952). Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America, Part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. 14(2), 271-611. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Bryozoan homepage - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Hayward, P.J. (2001). Bryozoa, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 325-333 - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Clarke, A.; Johnston, N.M. (2003). Antarctic marine benthic diversity. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 41: 47-114. - via World Register of Marine Species

Osburn, R. C. (1952). Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America, Part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. 14(2), 271-611. - via World Register of Marine Species

Bryozoan homepage - via World Register of Marine Species

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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