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Phrurolithus

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Description

Phrurolithus is a genus of araneomorph spiders first described by C. L. Koch in 1839. First placed with the Liocranidae, it was moved to the Corinnidae in 2002, then to the Phrurolithidae in 2014.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrurolithus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2148753	https://www.gbif.org/species/2148753
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	268843	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=268843

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Phrurolithidae : Phrurolithus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Phrurolithidae : Phrurolithus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Chelicerata	Heymons 1901
-	Euchelicerata	Weygoldt and Paulus 1979
-	Prosomapoda	Lamsdell 2013
class	Xiphosura
order	Xiphosurida	Latreille 1802
-	Planaterga	Lamsdell 2013
-	Dekatriata	Lamsdell 2013
-	Sclerophorata	Kamenz et al. 2011
class	Arachnida	Lamarck 1801
-	Pantetrapulmonata	Shultz 2007
subclass	Tetrapulmonata	Schultz 1990
-	Serikodiastida	Garwood and Dunlop 2014
order	Araneae	Clerck 1757
suborder	Opisthothelae	Pocock 1892
infraorder	Araneomorphae	Smith 1902
-	Entelegynae	Simon 1893
-	Dionycha	Petrunkevitch 1928
family	Phrurolithidae
genus	Phrurolithus	C.L.Koch 1839

Scientific Name

Phrurolithus C.L.Koch, 1839

Name Published In

Die Arachniden, 6 (4)

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Phrurolithus	genus	belongs to Corinnidae	stated with evidence	Dunlop et al., 2013
Phrurolithus	genus	belongs to Phrurolithidae	stated with evidence	Wheeler et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

1 (25%)

First Recorded Appearance

38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Arachnida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arachnida)

Vision

limited (based on Xiphosurida)

Diet

carnivore (based on Xiphosura)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Arachnida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. A. Dunlop, D. Penney, and D. Jekel. 2013. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In N. Platnick (ed.), The World Spider Catalog, version 14.0. American Museum of Natural History

Common Name(s)

Echte Ameisensackspinnen

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrurolithus

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Phrurolithus absurdus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus adjacens species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus aemulatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus affinis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus alatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus annulus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus anticus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus apacheus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus apertus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus approximatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus banksi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus bifidus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus callidus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus camawhitae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus cangshan species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus catalinius species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus celatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus claripes species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus coahuilanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus concisus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus connectus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus coreanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus corsicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus daoxianensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus debilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus dianchiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus diversus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus dolius species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus duncani species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus emertoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus erythrocephalus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus extinctus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Phrurolithus fanjingshan species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus faustus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus festivus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus flavipes species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus florentinus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus fossilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Phrurolithus goodnighti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus hamatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus hamdeokensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus insularis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus ipseni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Phrurolithus kastoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus kentuckyensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus labialis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus lasiolepis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus leviculus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus longus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus luppovae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus minimus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus nemoralis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus nigerus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus nigrinus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus nipponicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus oabus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus palgongensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus paludivagus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus palustris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus parcus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus pennatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus pinturus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus pipensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus portoricensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus pullatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus pygmaeus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus qiqiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus schwartzi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus schwarzi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus shimenensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus similis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus singulus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus sinicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus sordidus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus spinosus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus splendidus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus subannulus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus subnigerus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus szilyi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus tamaulipanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus taoyuan species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus tepejicanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus thracia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus umbratilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus validus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus wallacei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus wanshou species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus zhejiangensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus zhouyun species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Phrurolithus zongxu species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Phrurolithum Simon, 1864	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Phrurolithidae : *Phrurolithum*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1839	Phrurolithus Koch
2013	Phrurolithus Dunlop et al. p. 173
2017	Phrurolithus Wheeler et al.

References

Dunlop J. A., Penney D., et al (2013) A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives, The World Spider Catalog, version 14.0. American Museum of Natural History

Wheeler W. C., Coddington J. A., et al (2017) The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling, Cladistics 33, 574-616

Vetter, Richard S,Hillebrecht, Stefan: Distinguishing two often-misidentified genera (Cupiennius, Phoneutria) (Araneae: Ctenidae) of large spiders found in Central and South American cargo shipments - via Arácnidos de Centroamérica

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Levi, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Die Arachniden, 6 (4) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Kronestedt, T. (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden. Preliminary version February 2001. Department of Entomology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm. http://www2.nrm.se/en/spindlar.html - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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