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Protorosaurus

Description

Protorosaurus ("first lizard") is a genus of lizard-like early archosauromorph reptiles. Members of the genus lived during the late Permian period in Germany and Brazil. Once believed to have been an ancestor to lizards, Protorosaurus is now known to be one of the oldest members of the lineage that would eventually lead to archosaurs such as crocodilians and dinosaurs.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3238904https://www.gbif.org/species/3238904
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)38185https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38185
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Protorosauridae : Protorosaurus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Protorosaurus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
genusProtorosaurusMeyer 1830
Scientific NameProtorosaurus Meyer, 1830
Name Published InIsis (Oken), 1830
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Dactylopodesstated without evidenceMeyer, 1845
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Sauriastated with evidenceGeinitz, 1848
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Lacertinidaestated without evidenced'Orbigny, 1849
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Sauriistated without evidenceRoemer, 1856
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Thecodontiastated without evidenceOwen, 1861
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Rhynchocephaliastated without evidenceCope, 1870
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Protorosauridaestated with evidenceCope, 1871
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Dinosauriastated without evidenceSeeley, 1880
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Dinosauriastated with evidenceBaur, 1887
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Protorosauriastated with evidenceSeeley, 1887
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Protorosauridaestated with evidenceOsborn, 1903
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Protorosauridaestated without evidenceChatterjee, 1980
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Protorosauridaestated with evidenceBenton, 1985
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to ProtorosauridaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Protorosaurusgenusbelongs to Archosauromorphastated with evidenceGottman-Quesada and Sander, 2009
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance260 - 254 Ma
Permian
Last Recorded Appearance260 - 254 Ma
Permian
Environmentterrestrial (based on Diapsida)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)H. v. Meyer. 1832. Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschöpfe; Verlag von Siegmund Schmerber, Franfurt am Main
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protorosaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Protorosaurus speneri
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7260 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Proterosaurus Meyer, 1830GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Protorosauridae : Proterosaurus
Proterosaurus Agassiz, 1846GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Protorosauridae : Proterosaurus
Protosaurus Duméril & Bibron, 1836GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Protorosauridae : Protosaurus

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1830Protorosaurus Meyer p. 518
1845Protorosaurus Meyer p. 280
1848Proterosaurus Geinitz p. 3
1849Protorosaurus d'Orbigny p. 208
1856Proterosaurus Roemer p. 786
1861Protorosaurus Owen p. 280
1870Protorosaurus Cope
1871Protorosaurus Cope p. 235
1875Protorosaurus Cope p. 15
1880Proterosaurus Seeley p. 46
YearName and Author
1887Protorosaurus Baur p. 101
1887Protorosaurus Seeley p. 213
1903Protorosaurus Osborn p. 467
1966Protorosaurus Kuhn p. 40
1980Protorosaurus Chatterjee p. 197
1985Protorosaurus Benton p. 154
1986Protorosaurus Chatterjee p. 309
1988Protorosaurus Carroll
2009Protorosaurus Gottman-Quesada and Sander p. 135
2016Protorosaurus Ezcurra

References

Meyer H. v. , Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschöpfe; Verlag von Siegmund Schmerber, Franfurt am Main, 1-560
Meyer H. v. System der fossilen Saurier [Taxonomy of fossil saurians], Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1845, 278-285
Geinitz H. B. , Die Versteinerungen des deutschen Zechsteingebirges und Rothligednen oder des Permischen Systems in Sachsen, 1-26
Owen R. , Palaeontology, or a Systematic Summary of Extinct Animals and their Geological Relations. Second Edition. Adam and Charles Black, Edinburgh, 1-463
Cope E. D. On the homologies of some of the cranial bones of the Reptilia, and on the systematic arrangement of the class, Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 19, 194-247
Cope E. D. Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 1, 1-109
Osborn H. F. (1903) The reptilian subclasses Diapsida and Synapsida and the early history of the Diaptosauria, Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 1 8, 449-507
Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154
Chatterjee S. (1980) Malerisaurus, A New Eosuchian Reptile from the Late Triassic of India, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 291, 163-200
Benton M. J. (1985) Classification and phylogeny of the diapsid reptiles, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 84 2, 97-164
Chatterjee S. (1986) Malerisaurus langstoni, a new diapsid reptile from the Triassic of Texas\r\n, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 6 4, 297-312
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Ezcurra M. D. (2016) The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms, PeerJ 4, e1778
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Isis (Oken), 1830 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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