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Baltoceratidae ✝

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Description

Baltoceratidae is an extinct family of orthoconic cephalopods belonging to the subclass Nautiloidea endemic to what would be Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America during the Ordovician living from about 480–460 mya, existing for approximately 20 million years.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltoceratidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4621692	https://www.gbif.org/species/4621692
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	103402	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=103402

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Baltoceratidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthocerida : Baltoceratidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Cephalopoda	Cuvier 1797
subclass	Orthoceratoidea	Zhuravleva 1994
order	Orthocerida	Kuhn 1940
family	Baltoceratidae	Kobayashi 1935

Scientific Name

Baltoceratidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Baltoceratidae	family	belongs to Ellesmeroceratida	stated without evidence	Unklesbay and Young, 1956
Baltoceratidae	family	belongs to Ellesmeroceratina	stated with evidence	Sweet, 1958
Baltoceratidae	family	belongs to Ellesmerocerida	stated with evidence	Teichert et al., 1964
Baltoceratidae	family	belongs to Ellesmerocerida	stated without evidence	Hook and Flower, 1977
Baltoceratidae	family	belongs to Orthoceratoidea	stated with evidence	Evans, 2005
Baltoceratidae	family	belongs to Orthocerida	stated with evidence	Kröger et al., 2007

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

485 - 479 Ma
Paleozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

456 - 444 Ma
Paleozoic

Environment

marine (based on Orthocerida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Orthocerida)

Vision

well-developed (based on Cephalopoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Orthocerida)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Orthocerida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. C. Frey. 1995. Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066P:1-126

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltoceratidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Amsleroceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Annbactroceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	485 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Bactroceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	34	485 Ma Cambrian	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Castelloceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Cochlioceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	31	485 Ma Cambrian	464 Ma Middle Ordovician
Cyrtobaltoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Endorioceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	485 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Eosomichelinoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	15	470 Ma Middle Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Hedstroemoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Metabaltoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	485 Ma Cambrian	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Microbaltoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	485 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Ogygoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	478 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	478 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Rhabdiferoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	485 Ma Cambrian	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Rioceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	20	485 Ma Cambrian	478 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Semiannuloceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Sinocochleoceras ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Veneficoceras ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1935	Baltoceratidae Kobayashi
1956	Baltoceratidae Unklesbay and Young p. 489
1958	Baltoceratidae Sweet
1964	Baltoceratidae Flower p. 98
1964	Baltoceratidae Teichert et al. p. 154
1977	Baltoceratidae Hook and Flower

Year	Name and Author
2005	Baltoceratidae Evans
2007	Baltoceratidae Kröger et al.
2011	Baltoceratidae Evans
2011	Baltoceratidae Kröger and Evans
2012	Baltoceratidae Kröger and Lefebvre

References

Frey R. C. (1995) Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066P, 1-126

Unklesbay A. G., Young R. S. (1956) Early Ordovician nautiloids from Virginia, Journal of Paleontology 30 3, 481-491

Sweet W. C. (1958) The middle ordovician of the Oslo region, Norway 10. Nautiloid Cephalopods, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 38, 1-178

Flower R. H. (1964) The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda), State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Memoir 12, 234 p.

Teichert C., Kummel B., et al (1964) Cephalopoda - general features - Endoceratoidea - Actinoceratoidea - Nautiloidea - Bactritoidea, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology K 3, 1-519

Hook S. C., Flower R. H. (1977) Late Canadian (Zones J, K) cephalopod faunas from Southwestern United States, New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources 32, 1-56

Evans D. H. (2005) The Lower and Middle Ordovician cephalopod faunas of England and Wales, Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society 623, 1-81

Kröger B., Beresi M. S., et al (2007) Early orthoceratoid cephalopods from the Argentine Precordillera (Lower-Middle Ordovician), Journal of Paleontology 81 6, 1266-1283 doi:10.1666/06-013.1

Evans D.H. (2011) The Lower Ordovician cephalopod faunas of the Durness Group, North-West Scotland, Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 165, 1-131

Kröger B., Evans D. H. (2011) Review and paleoecological analysis of the late Tremadocian – early Floian (Early Ordovician) cephalopod fauna of the Montagne Noire, France, Fossil Record 14 1, 5-34 doi:10.1002/mmng.201000013

Kröger B., Lefebvre B. (2012) Palaeogeography and palaeoecology of early Floian (Early Ordovician) cephalopods from the Upper Fezouata Formation, Anti-Atlas, Morocco, Fossil Record 15 2, 61-75

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Museum Victoria KEmu database (Oct 2006) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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