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Columbites ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4623314	https://www.gbif.org/species/4623314
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	14080	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=14080

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Columbitidae : Columbites

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Columbitidae : Columbites

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Cephalopoda	Cuvier 1797
subclass	Ammonoidea
order	Ceratitida	Hyatt 1884
superfamily	Dinaritoidea
family	Columbitidae	Spath 1934
genus	Columbites	Hyatt & Smith 1905

Scientific Name

Columbites Hyatt & Smith, 1905

Name Published In

Profess. Papers U.S. Geol. Surv., 40 (C no. 74) 31

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Columbites	genus	belongs to Celtitidae	stated with evidence	Smith, 1927
Columbites	genus	belongs to Columbitidae	stated with evidence	Tozer, 1981
Columbites	genus	belongs to Ceratitida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Columbites	genus	belongs to Columbitidae	stated with evidence	Ehiro et al., 2016

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

251 - 247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

251 - 247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ceratitida)

Vision

well-developed (based on Cephalopoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Ceratitida)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Ceratitida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

A. Hyatt and J. P. Smith. 1905. The Triassic cephalopod genera of America. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 40:1-394

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Columbites contractus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Columbites costatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Columbites crassicostatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Columbites dolnapaensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Columbites isabellae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Columbites parisianus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	33	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1905	Columbites Hyatt and Smith p. 50
1927	Columbites Smith
1981	Columbites Tozer p. 91
2002	Columbites Sepkoski, Jr.
2016	Columbites Ehiro et al. p. 94
2019	Columbites Brayard et al. p. 21

References

Hyatt A., Smith J. P. (1905) The Triassic cephalopod genera of America, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 40, 1-394

Smith J. P. (1927) Upper Triassic marine invertebrate faunas of North America, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 141, 1-262

Tozer E. T. (1981) Triassic Ammonoidea: Classification, evolution and relationship with Permian and Jurassic Forms, The Ammonoidea: The evolution classification, mode of life and geological usefulness of a major fossil group, 66-100

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Ehiro M., Sasaki O., et al (2016) Ammonoid fauna of the upper Olenekian Osawa Formation in the Utatsu area, South Kitakami Belt, northeast Japan, Paleontological Research 20, 90-104

Brayard A., Jenks J. F., et al (2019) Ammonoids and nautiloids from the earliest Spathian Paris Biota and other early Spathian localities in southeastern Idaho, USA, Geobios 54, 13-36

GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Profess. Papers U.S. Geol. Surv., 40 (C no. 74) 31 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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