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Protobombus ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4673943	https://www.gbif.org/species/4673943
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	179960	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=179960

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Protobombus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Protobombus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
order	Hymenoptera	Linnaeus 1758
-	Unicalcarida	Schulmeister et al. 2002
suborder	Vespina
suborder	Apocrita	Gerstaecker 1867
-	Aculeata
superfamily	Apoidea	Latreille 1802
-	Anthophila	Latreille 1804
family	Apidae	Latreille 1802
subfamily	Apinae	Latreille 1802
tribe	Electrapini	Engel 1998
genus	Protobombus	Cockerell 1909

Scientific Name

Protobombus Cockerell, 1909

Name Published In

Schr. Ges. Königsberg, 50 (1), 7

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Protobombus	genus	belongs to Bombidae	stated with evidence	Cockerell, 1908
Protobombus	subgenus	belongs to Electrapis	stated with evidence	Cockerell, 1908
Protobombus	genus	belongs to Electrapini	stated with evidence	Engel, 2001

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene

Last Recorded Appearance

38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

T. D. A. Cockerell. 1908. Descriptions and records of bees. XX. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Eighth Series 2:323-334

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Chalcobombus hirsutus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Protobombus basilaris ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Protobombus fatalis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Protobombus hirsutus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Protobombus indecisus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Protobombus messelensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Protobombus pristinus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Protobombus tristellus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Sophrobombus fatalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1908	Electrapis (Protobombus) Cockerell
1908	Chalcobombus Cockerell p. 326
1908	Protobombus Cockerell p. 326
1908	Sophrobombus Cockerell p. 326
1976	Electrapis (Protobombus) Zeuner and Manning
1976	Chalcobombus Zeuner and Manning p. 206
1976	Sophrobombus Zeuner and Manning p. 213

Year	Name and Author
1992	Chalcobombus Carpenter
1992	Sophrobombus Carpenter
2001	Protobombus Engel
2003	Protobombus Wappler p. 121
2003	Protobombus Wappler and Engel p. 911
2013	Protobombus Engel and Ortega-Blanco p. 3

References

Cockerell T. D. A. (1908) Descriptions and records of bees. XX, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Eighth Series 2, 323-334

Zeuner F. E., Manning F. J. (1976) A Monograph on Fossil Bees: Apoidea, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology) 27 3, 151-264

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Engel M. S. (2001) A monograph of the Baltic amber bees and evolution of the Apoidea (Hymenoptera), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 259, 1-192

Wappler T. (2003) Systematik, Phylogenie, Taphonomie und Paläoökologie der Insekten aus dem Mittel-Eozän des Eckfelder Maares, Vulkaneifel, Clausthaler Geowissenschaften 2, 1-241

Wappler T., Engel M. (2003) The Middle Eocene Bee Faunas of Eckfeld and Messel, Germany (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), Journal of Paleontology 77 5, 908-921

Engel M. S., Ortega-Blanco J. (2013) Taxonomic names, in The bees of early Eocene Cambay amber (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Journal of Melittology 25, 1-12

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Schr. Ges. Königsberg, 50 (1), 7 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

original publication/web search (AJR). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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