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Stenopterygius ✝

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Description

Stenopterygius is an extinct genus of thunnosaur ichthyosaur known from Europe (England, France, Germany, Luxembourg and Switzerland). This genus of ichthyosaur grew to a maximum length of 4 meters (13 feet).

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenopterygius, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4817988	https://www.gbif.org/species/4817988
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	36574	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36574

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stenopterygiidae : Stenopterygius

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ichthyosauria : Stenopterygius

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Ichthyosauromorpha	Motani et al. 2015
-	Ichthyosauriformes	Motani et al. 2015
-	Ichthyopterygia
-	Eoichthyosauria	Motani 1999
-	Ichthyosauria
-	Parvipelvia	Motani 1999
-	Neoichthyosauria	Sander 2000
-	Thunnosauria	Motani 1999
genus	Stenopterygius	Jaekel 1904

Scientific Name

Stenopterygius Jaekel, 1904

Name Published In

Jaekel, Otto. 1904. Eine neue Darstellung von Ichthyosaurus. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 56: 26-34.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Stenopterygiidae	stated with evidence	McGowan, 1974
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Stenopterygiidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Stenopterygiinae	stated with evidence	Fernández, 1997
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Thunnosauria	stated with evidence	Motani, 1999
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Neoichthyosauria	stated with evidence	Sander, 2000
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Thunnosauria	stated with evidence	Maisch and Matzke, 2000
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Ichthyosauria	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Stenopterygiidae	stated without evidence	McGowan and Motani, 2003
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Stenopterygiidae	stated with evidence	Maisch, 2008
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Thunnosauria	stated with evidence	Fischer et al., 2011
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Parvipelvia	stated without evidence	Maxwell et al., 2012
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Thunnosauria	stated with evidence	Fischer et al., 2012
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Baracromia	stated with evidence	Fischer et al., 2013
Stenopterygius	genus	belongs to Thunnosauria	stated with evidence	Arkhangelsky and Zverkov, 2014

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

183 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

176 - 172 Ma
Jurassic

Environment

marine (based on Ichthyosauria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ichthyosauria)

Diet

carnivore (based on Ichthyosauria)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Ichthyosauria)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite (based on Ichthyosauria)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenopterygius

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Stenopterygius aaleniensis ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	176 Ma Early Jurassic	176 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius cayi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Stenopterygius cuneiceps ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius longifrons ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius longipes ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Stenopterygius macrophasma ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius megacephalus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius megalorhinus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius quadriscissus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius triscissus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Stenopterygius uniter ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Stenopterygius promegacelaphus Maisch, 2008	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stenopterygiidae : *Stenopterygius promegacelaphus*
Stenopterygius hauffianus von Huene, 1922	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stenopterygiidae : *Stenopterygius hauffianus*
Stenopterygius banzensis Heune, 1922	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stenopterygiidae : *Stenopterygius banzensis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1904	Stenopterygius Jaekel
1922	Stenopterygius banzensis Heune p. 88 figs. Pl. 18(23)
1922	Stenopterygius hauffianus von Huene
1974	Stenopterygius McGowan
1988	Stenopterygius Carroll
1997	Stenopterygius Fernández p. 483
1999	Stenopterygius Motani p. 484
2000	Stenopterygius hauffianus Maisch and Matzke p. 75
2000	Stenopterygius Maisch and Matzke p. 98
2000	Stenopterygius Sander
2002	Stenopterygius Sepkoski, Jr.

Year	Name and Author
2003	Stenopterygius McGowan and Motani
2003	Stenopterygius hauffianus McGowan and Motani
2008	Stenopterygius Maisch
2008	Stenopterygius promegacelaphus Maisch
2010	Stenopterygius Maisch
2011	Stenopterygius Caine and Benton
2011	Stenopterygius Fischer et al.
2012	Stenopterygius Fischer et al.
2012	Stenopterygius Maxwell et al. p. 3
2013	Stenopterygius Fischer et al.
2014	Stenopterygius Arkhangelsky and Zverkov

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

McGowan C. (1974) A revision of the longipinnate ichthyosaurs of the Lower Jurassic of England, with descriptions of two new species (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria), Life Sciences Contribution of the Royal Ontario Museum 97

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Fernández M. S. (1997) A new Ichthyosaur from the Tithonian (Late Jurassic) of the Neuquen Basin, Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina, Journal of Paleontology 71 3, 479-484

Motani R. (1999) Phylogeny of the Ichthyopterygia, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 3, 473-496

Maisch M. W., Matzke A. T. (2000) The Ichthyosauria, Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Palaontologie) 298, 1-159

Sander P. M. (2000) Ichthyosauria: their diversity, distribution and phylogeny, Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 74 1/2, 1-35

Maisch M. W. (2008) Revision der gattung Stenopterygius Jaekel, 1904 emend. von Huene, 1922 (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) aus dem unteren Jura Westeuropas, Palaeodiversity 1, 227-271

Maisch M. W. (2010) Phylogeny, systematics, and origin of the Ichthyosauria - the state of the art, Palaeodiversity 3, 151-214

Caine H., Benton M. J. (2011) Ichthyosauria from the Upper Lias of Strawberry Bank, England, Palaeontology 54 5, 1069-1093

Fischer V., Masure E., et al (2011) A new Barremian (Early Cretaceous) ichthyosaur from western Russia, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31 5, 1010-1025

Fischer V., Maisch M. W., et al (2012) New ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous demonstrate extensive ichthyosaur survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary, PLoS One 7 1, e29234 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029234

Maxwell E. E., Fernández M. S., et al (2012) First diagnostic marine reptile remains from the Aalenian (Middle Jurassic): a new ichthyosaur from southwestern Germany, PLoS ONE 7 8, e41692 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041692

Fischer V., Appleby R. M., et al (2013) A basal thunnosaurian from Iraq reveals disparate phylogenetic origins for Cretaceous ichthyosaurs, Biology Letters 98 4, 20130021 doi:10.1098/rsbl.2013.0021

Arkhangelsky M. S., Zverkov N. G. (2014) On a new ichthyosaur of the genus Undurosaurus, Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 318 5, 187-196

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Z. Dtsch. Geol. Ges., 56, Protokolle - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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