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Shonisaurus ✝

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Description

Shonisaurus is a genus of ichthyosaur. At least 37 incomplete fossil specimens of the marine reptile have been found in the Luning Formation of Nevada, USA. This formation dates to the late Carnian age of the late Triassic period, about 237-227 million years ago.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shonisaurus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4818005	https://www.gbif.org/species/4818005
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	36572	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36572

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Shastasauridae : Shonisaurus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ichthyosauria : Shastasauridae : Shonisaurus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Ichthyosauromorpha	Motani et al. 2015
-	Ichthyosauriformes	Motani et al. 2015
-	Ichthyopterygia
-	Eoichthyosauria	Motani 1999
-	Ichthyosauria
-	Hueneosauria	Maisch and Matzke 2000
-	Merriamosauria	Motani 1999
family	Shastasauridae	Merriam 1902
genus	Shonisaurus	Camp 1976

Scientific Name

Shonisaurus Camp, 1976

Name Published In

Sber. ost. Akad. Wiss. (Abt. 1) 185

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shastasauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shastasaurinae	stated with evidence	Motani, 1999
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Merriamosauria	stated with evidence	Maisch and Matzke, 2000
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shastasauridae	stated with evidence	Sander, 2000
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Ichthyosauria	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shastasauridae	stated without evidence	McGowan and Motani, 2003
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shastasauridae	stated with evidence	Nicholls and Manabe, 2004
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shonisauridae	stated with evidence	Maisch, 2010
Shonisaurus	genus	belongs to Shastasauridae	stated with evidence	Ji et al., 2013

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

232 - 222 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

216 - 212 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Environment

marine (based on Ichthyosauria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ichthyosauria)

Diet

carnivore (based on Ichthyosauria)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Ichthyosauria)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite (based on Ichthyosauria)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shonisaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Shonisaurus popularis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	232 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	222 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Shonisaurus sikanniensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	216 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	216 Ma Late/Upper Triassic

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1976	Shonisaurus Camp
1976	Shonisaurus mulleri Camp
1976	Shonisaurus silberlingi Camp
1988	Shonisaurus Carroll
1993	Shonisaurus silberlingi Mazin and Sander
1999	Shonisaurus Motani p. 480
2000	Shonisaurus Maisch and Matzke pp. 69, 97

Year	Name and Author
2000	Shonisaurus Sander
2002	Shonisaurus Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Shonisaurus McGowan and Motani
2004	Shonisaurus Nicholls and Manabe p. 839
2010	Shonisaurus Maisch
2013	Shonisaurus Ji et al.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Mazin J. M., Sander P. M. (1993) Palaeobiogeography of the Early and Late Triassic ichthyopterygia, Paleontologia Lombarda 2, 93-107

Motani R. (1999) Phylogeny of the Ichthyopterygia, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 3, 473-496

Maisch M. W., Matzke A. T. (2000) The Ichthyosauria, Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Palaontologie) 298, 1-159

Sander P. M. (2000) Ichthyosauria: their diversity, distribution and phylogeny, Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 74 1/2, 1-35

Nicholls E. L., Manabe M. (2004) Giant ichthyosaurs of the Triassic - a new species of Shonisaurus from the Pardonet Formation (Norian: Late Triassic) of British Columbia, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 4, 838-849

Maisch M. W. (2010) Phylogeny, systematics, and origin of the Ichthyosauria - the state of the art, Palaeodiversity 3, 151-214

Ji C., Jiang D.-Y., et al (2013) A new juvenile specimen of Guanlingasaurus (Ichthyosauria, Shastasauridae) from the Upper Triassic of southwestern China, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 2, 340-348

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sber. ost. Akad. Wiss. (Abt. 1) 185 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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