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Tricleidus ✝

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Description

Tricleidus is an extinct genus of cryptoclidid plesiosaur known from only specimen (BMNH R3539) from the middle Jurassic of United Kingdom. It was first named by Andrews in 1909 and the type species is Tricleidus seeleyi.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricleidus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4823583	https://www.gbif.org/species/4823583
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	36522	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36522

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Cryptoclididae : Tricleidus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Sauropterygia : Cryptoclididae : Tricleidus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
order	Sauropterygia	Owen 1861
-	Pistosauria
-	Plesiosauria
superfamily	Plesiosauroidea	Welles 1943
-	Cryptoclidia	Ketchum and Benson 2010
family	Cryptoclididae	Williston 1925
genus	Tricleidus	Andrews 1909

Scientific Name

Tricleidus Andrews, 1909

Name Published In

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8) 4

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Elasmosauridae	stated with evidence	Wegner, 1914
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Muraenosauridae	stated without evidence	White, 1940
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Elasmosauridae	stated with evidence	Brown, 1981
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Elasmosauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Tricleidia	stated with evidence	O'Keefe, 2001
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Cryptoclididae	stated with evidence	Gasparini et al., 2002
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Plesiosauria	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Cryptocleidoidea	stated with evidence	O'Keefe, 2004
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Cryptoclididae	stated with evidence	Ketchum and Benson, 2010
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Cryptocleidoidea	stated without evidence	Otero et al., 2012
Tricleidus	genus	belongs to Cryptoclididae	stated with evidence	Benson and Druckenmiller, 2014

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

183 - 164 Ma
Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

165 - 157 Ma
Jurassic

Environment

marine (based on Plesiosauria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Plesiosauria)

Diet

carnivore (based on Plesiosauria)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Plesiosauria)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite (based on Plesiosauria)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. W. Andrews. 1909. On some new Plesiosauria from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Annals And Magazine of Natural History 4:418-429

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricleidus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Tricleidus seeleyi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	165 Ma Middle Jurassic

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1909	Tricleidus Andrews
1914	Tricleidus Wegner p. 289
1940	Tricleidus White p. 461
1981	Tricleidus Brown p. 340
1988	Tricleidus Carroll
2001	Tricleidus O'Keefe p. 19 fig. 20

Year	Name and Author
2002	Tricleidus Gasparini et al.
2002	Tricleidus Sepkoski, Jr.
2004	Tricleidus O'Keefe p. 337 figs. Fig. 11
2010	Tricleidus Ketchum and Benson p. 15
2012	Tricleidus Otero et al.
2014	Tricleidus Benson and Druckenmiller figs. 2-3

References

Andrews C. W. (1909) On some new Plesiosauria from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough, Annals And Magazine of Natural History 4, 418-429

Wegner T. (1914) Brancasaurus brancai n. g. n. sp., ein elasmosauride aus dem Wealden Westfalens, Branca-Festschrift, 235-305

White T. E. (1940) Holotype of Plesiosaurus longirostris Blake and classification of the plesiosaurs, Journal of Paleontology 14 5, 451-467

Brown D. S. (1981) The English Upper Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 35 4, 253-347

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

O'Keefe F. R. (2001) A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia), Acta Zoologica Fennica 213, 1-63

Gasparini Z., Bardet N., et al (2002) A new cryptoclidid plesiosaur from the Oxofrdian (Late Jurassic) of Cuba, Geobios 35, 201-211

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

O'Keefe F. R. (2004) On the cranial anatomy of the polycotylid plesiosaurs, including new material of Polycotylus latipinnis, Cope, from Alabama, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 2, 326-340

Ketchum H. F., Benson R. B. J. (2010) Global interrelationships of Plesiosauria (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) and the pivotal role of taxon sampling in determining the outcome of phylogenetic analyses, Biological Reviews 85, 361-392 doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2009.00107.x

Otero R. A., Soto-Acuña S., et al (2012) A postcranial skeleton of an elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Maastrichtian of central Chile, with comments on the affinities of Late Cretaceous plesiosauroids from the Weddellian Biogeographic Province, Cretaceous Research 37, 89-99

Benson R. B. J., Druckenmiller P. S. (2014) Faunal turnover of marine tetrapods during the Jurassic–Cretaceous transition, Biological Reviews 89 1, 1-23 doi:10.1111/brv.12038

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8) 4 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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