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Pappaceras ✝

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Description

Pappaceras is an extinct genus of rhinoceros from the Early Eocene of Asia belonging to Paraceratheriidae.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappaceras, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4830669	https://www.gbif.org/species/4830669
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43160	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43160

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Hyracodontidae : Pappaceras

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Paraceratheriidae : Pappaceras

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
order	Perissodactyla
-	Tapiromorpha
-	Ceratomorpha
superfamily	Rhinocerotoidea	Gray 1821
family	Paraceratheriidae	Osborn 1923
subfamily	Forstercooperiinae	Wood 1963
genus	Pappaceras	Wood 1963

Scientific Name

Pappaceras Wood, 1963

Name Published In

Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2146

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pappaceras	genus	belongs to Forstercooperiinae	stated with evidence	Wood, 1963
Pappaceras	genus	belongs to Hyracodontidae	stated with evidence	Radinsky, 1966
Pappaceras	genus	belongs to Hyracodontidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Pappaceras	genus	subjective synonym of Forstercooperia	stated without evidence	Prothero and Schoch, 1989
Pappaceras	genus	belongs to Forstercooperiinae	stated with evidence	Wang et al., 2016

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene

Last Recorded Appearance

48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

browser (based on Ceratomorpha)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

H. E. Wood. 1963. A primitive rhinoceros from the Late Eocene of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 2146:1-11

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappaceras

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Forstercooperia minuta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Pappaceras confluens ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	55.8 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Pappaceras meiomenus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	55.8 Ma Eocene	55.8 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1963	Pappaceras Wood
1966	Pappaceras Radinsky p. 635
1988	Pappaceras Carroll
2016	Pappaceras Wang et al.

References

Wood H. E. (1963) A primitive rhinoceros from the Late Eocene of Mongolia, American Museum Novitates 2146, 1-11

Radinsky L. B. (1966) The families of the Rhinocerotoidea (Mammalia, Perissodactyla), Journal of Mammalogy 47 4, 631-639

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Wang H., Bai B., et al (2016) Earliest known unequivocal rhinocerotoid sheds new light on the origin of Giant Rhinos and phylogeny of early rhinocerotoids, Scientific Reports 6, 39607:1-9

GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Am. Mus. Novit. No. 2146 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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