Description | Venenosaurus (ven-EN-o-SOR-əs) was a sauropod dinosaur. The name literally means "poison lizard", and it was named so after the Poison Strip Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation in Utah, United States, where the fossils were discovered by a Denver Museum of Natural History volunteer Tony DiCroce in 1998. Venenosaurus dicrocei was first described as a new species in 2001 by Virginia Tidwell, Kenneth Carpenter, and Suzanne Meyer. Venenosaurus is a relatively small (probably around 10 m (33 ft) long) titanosauriform sauropod, known from an incomplete skeleton of an adult and a juvenile. The holotype is DMNH 40932 Denver Museum of Natural History. The specimen consisted of tail vertebrae, the left scapula, right radius, left ulna, metacarpals, forefoot phalanges, right pubis, left and right ischia, metatarsals, chevrons, and ribs.
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Source Data | |
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Rank | species |
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Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Brachiosauridae : Venenosaurus : Venenosaurus dicrocei |
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Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Brachiosauridae : Venenosaurus : Venenosaurus dicrocei |
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Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
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Classification (PBDB,GBIF) | |
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Generic Name | Venenosaurus |
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Scientific Name | Venenosaurus dicrocei Tidwell et al., 2001 |
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Opinions (PBDB) | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
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Venenosaurus dicrocei | species | belongs to Venenosaurus | stated without evidence | Tidwell et al., 2001 | Venenosaurus dicrocei | species | belongs to Venenosaurus | stated with evidence | Wilson, 2002 | Venenosaurus dicrocei | species | belongs to Venenosaurus | stated without evidence | Apesteguía, 2005 |
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Status (PBDB) | extinct |
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Taxon Size (PBDB) | 1 |
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First Recorded Appearance | 129 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous |
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Last Recorded Appearance | 129 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous |
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Environment | terrestrial (based on Sauropoda) |
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Motility | actively mobile (based on Sauropoda) |
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Diet | herbivore (based on Sauropoda) |
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Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Sauropoda) |
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Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Sauropoda) |
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Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense,thick (based on Sauropoda) |
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Primary Reference (PBDB) | V. Tidwell, K. Carpenter, and S. Meyer. 2001. A new titanosauriform (Sauropoda) from the Poison Strip Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Utah. In D. H. Tanke & K. Carpenter (ed.), Mesozoic Vertebrate Life: New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip J. Currie |
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Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venenosaurus_dicrocei |
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Tidwell V., Carpenter K., et al (2001) A new titanosauriform (Sauropoda) from the Poison Strip Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Utah, Mesozoic Vertebrate Life: New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip J. Currie, 139-165 |
Wilson J. A. (2002) Sauropod dinosaur phylogeny: critique and cladistic analysis, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136, 217-276 |
Upchurch P., Barrett P. M., et al (2004) Sauropoda, The Dinosauria (2nd edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 259-322 |
Apesteguía S. (2005) Evolution of the titanosaur metacarpus, Thunder-Lizards: The Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 321-345 |
Dalla Vecchia F. M. (2005) Between Gondwana and Laurasia: Cretaceous sauropods in an intraoceanic carbonate platform, Thunder-Lizards: The Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 395-429 |
Rose P. J. (2007) A new titanosauriform sauropod (Dinosauria: Saurischia) from the Early Cretaceous of central Texas and its phylogenetic relationships, Palaeontologia Electronica 10 2, 8A-1-8A-65 |
Alifanov V. R., Bolotsky Y. L. (2010) Arkharavia heterocoelica gen. et sp. nov., a new sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of the Far East of Russia, Paleontological Journal 44 1, 84-91 doi:10.1134/S0031030110010119 |
Taylor M. P., Wedel M. J., et al (2011) A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56 1, 75-98 doi:10.4202/app.2010.0073 |
D'Emic M. D. (2012) The early evolution of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166, 624-671 |
Mocho P., Royo-Torres R., et al (2014) Phylogenetic reassessment of Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis, a basal Macronaria (Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 170, 875-916 doi:10.1111/zoj.12113 |
P. Upchurch, P. M. Barrett, P. Dodson (2004) Sauropoda: The Dinosauria (2nd edition). University of California Press, Berkeley: 259--322 - via Catalogue of Life |
V. Tidwell, K. Carpenter, S. Meyer (2001) A new titanosauriform (Sauropoda) from the Poison Strip Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Utah: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life: New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip J. Currie: 139--165 - via Catalogue of Life |