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Microbiotheriidae

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Description

Microbiotheriidae is a family of australidelphian marsupials represented by only one extant species, the monito del monte, and a number of extinct species known from fossils in South America, Western Antarctica, and northeastern Australia.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiotheriidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5939	https://www.gbif.org/species/5939
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	40002	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40002

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Microbiotheria : Microbiotheriidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Theriamorpha
-	Theriiformes
-	Trechnotheria	McKenna 1975
-	Cladotheria	McKenna 1975
-	Boreosphenida
subclass	Theria	Parker and Haswell 1897
subclass	Metatheria
-	Marsupialia
-	Australidelphia	Szalay 1982
superorder	Eometatheria	Simpson 1970
order	Microbiotheria	Ameghino 1899
family	Microbiotheriidae	(Ameghino 1887)

Scientific Name

Microbiotheriidae

Name Published In

Bol. Mus. la Plata vol.1 p.6

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Microbiotheria	stated with evidence	Ameghino, 1891
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Pedimana	stated without evidence	Ameghino, 1894
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Pedimana	stated with evidence	Ameghino, 1897
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Didelphoidea	stated without evidence	Marshall, 1982
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Microbiotheria	implied	Nowak, 1991
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Microbiotheria	stated with evidence	Springer et al., 1994
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Didelphoidea	implied	McKenna and Bell, 1997
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Microbiotheria	stated without evidence	Goin et al., 1999
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Australidelphia	stated without evidence	Goin et al., 2006
Microbiotheriidae	family	belongs to Microbiotheria	stated without evidence	Goin et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (14%)

First Recorded Appearance

66.0 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Mammalia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

insectivore

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Theria)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level

Common Name(s)

Monito Del Monte

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiotheriidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Microbiotheriinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Clenia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	21.0 Ma Miocene
Dromiciops genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Eomicrobiotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	56.0 Ma Paleocene	21.0 Ma Miocene
Khasia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kirutherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Microbiotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	37	33.9 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Mirandatherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	59.0 Ma Paleocene	58.7 Ma Paleocene
Oligobiotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	23.0 Ma Miocene	21.0 Ma Miocene
Pachybiotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.3 Ma Miocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Microbiotheridae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Microbiotheria : Microbiotheridae
Clenialitidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Microbiotheria : Clenialitidae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1887	Microbiotheridae Ameghino
1891	Microbiotheridae Ameghino p. 22
1894	Microbiotheridae Ameghino p. 103
1897	Microbiotheriidae Ameghino p. 501
1909	Clenialitidae Ameghino p. 204
1982	Microbiotheriidae Marshall
1991	Microbiotheriidae Nowak
1994	Microbiotheriidae Springer et al. p. 86

Year	Name and Author
1997	Microbiotheriidae McKenna and Bell
1999	Microbiotheriidae Goin et al.
2006	Microbiotheriidae Goin et al.
2010	Microbiotheriidae Goin et al.
2011	Microbiotheriidae Oliveira and Goin
2012	Microbiotheriidae Abello et al.
2013	Microbiotheriidae Goin and Abello

References

McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640

Ameghino F. Nuevos restos de mamíferos fósiles descubiertos por Carlos Ameghino en el Eoceno inferior de la Patagonia austral. – Especies nuevas, adiciones y correcciones [New remains of fossil mammals discovered by Carlos Ameghino in the lower Eocene of southern Patagonia. – New species, additions, and corrections], Revista Argentina de Historia Natural 1, 289-328

Ameghino F. Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammifères fossiles des formations éocènes de Patagonie, Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias en Cordoba (Republica Argentina) 13, 259-452

Ameghino F. Mammiféres crétacés de l’Argentine (Deuxième contribution à la connaissance de la fauna mammalogique de couches à Pyrotherium) [Cretaceous mammals of Argentina (second contribution to the knowledge of the mammalian fauna of the Pyrotherium Beds)], Boletin Instituto Geografico Argentino 18 4–9, 406-521

Marshall L. (1982) Systematics of the South American marsupial family Microbiotheriidae, Fieldiana Geology 10, 1-75

Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II

Springer M. S. Y., Westerman M., et al (1994) Relationships among orders and families of marsupials based on 12S ribosomal DNA sequences and the timing of the marsupial radiation, Journal of Mammalian Evolution 2 2, 85-115

Goin F. J., Case J. A., et al (1999) New Discoveries of "Opposum-like" Marsupials from Antarctica (Seymour Island, Medial Eocene), Journal of Mammalian Evolution 6 4, 335-365

Goin F. J., Pascual R., et al (2006) The earliest Tertiary therian mammal from South America, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 2, 505-510

Goin F. J., Abello M. A., et al (2010) Middle Tertiary marsupials from central Patagonia (early Oligocene of Gran Barranca): understanding South America's Grande Coupure, The Paleontology of Gran Barranca: Evolution and Environmental Change through the Middle Cenozoic of Patagonia, 69-105

Oliveira E. V., Goin F. J. (2011) A reassessment of bunodont metatherians from the Paleogene of Itaborai (Brazil): Systematics and the age of the Itaborian SALMA, Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 14 2, 105-136

Abello M. A., Ortiz-Jaureguizar E., et al (2012) Paleoecology of the Paucituberculata and Microbiotheria (Mammalia, Marsupialia) from the late Early Miocene of Argentina, Early Miocene Paleobiology in Patagonia: High-Latitude Paleocommunities of the Santa Cruz Formation, 156-172

Goin F. J., Abello M. A. (2013) Los Metatheria sudamericanos de comienzos del Neógeno (Mioceno temprano, Edad Mamífero Colhuehuapense): Microbiotheria y Polydolopimorphia, Ameghiniana 50 1, 51-78 doi:10.5710/AMGH.9.11.2012.570

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Nowak, Ronald M., 1991: null. Walker's Mammals of the World, vol. 1, 5th ed.. 1629. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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