Setiawan, B., de Jong, G., Soeldjana, A., Aloysius, C., Webb, B., Issel, A., & Lasito, S. Mineralogy and Chemical Characteristics of the Waripi–hosted Cu-Au Skarn System at the Big Gossan Underground Mine, Papua, Indonesia–Determining the host rocks using XRD and XRF Analysis.

Wafforn, S., Seman, S., Kyle, J. R., Stockli, D., Leys, C., Sonbait, D., & Cloos, M. (2018). Andradite garnet U-Pb geochronology of the Big Gossan skarn, Ertsberg-Grasberg mining district, Indonesia. Economic Geology, 113(3), 769-778.

Reference Search (possible matching items)

	Wafforn, S., Seman, S., Kyle, J. R., Stockli, D., Leys, C., Sonbait, D., Cloos, M. (2018) ANDRADITE GARNET U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE BIG GOSSAN SKARN, ERTSBERG-GRASBERG MINING DISTRICT, INDONESIA. Economic Geology, 113 (3) 769-778 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4569	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	COMMUNICATIONS ANDRADITE GARNET U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE BIG GOSSAN SKARN, ERTSBERG-GRASBERG MINING DISTRICT, INDONESIA...16802 3 Freeport-Indonesia, Tembagapura, Papua 99920, Indonesia Abstract The Big Gossan skarn (71 million...prolific Ertsberg-Grasberg mining district, on the island of New Guinea in eastern Indonesia. The skarn formed...1 to 2.8 Ma Ertsberg diorite. Andradite garnets from eight Big Gossan samples were directly dated using...spectrometry U-Pb method, and the age results show that Big Gossan formed between 2.9 and 2.7 Ma. To evaluate reproducibility
	Henley, Richard W., Brink, Frank J., King, Penelope L., Leys, Clyde, Ganguly, Jibamitra, Mernagh, Terrance, Middleton, Jill, Renggli, Christian J., Sieber, Melanie, Troitzsch, Ulrike, Turner, Michael (2017) High temperature gas–solid reactions in calc–silicate Cu–Au skarn formation; Ertsberg, Papua Province, Indonesia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 172 (11) doi:10.1007/s00410-017-1413-6	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	calc–silicate Cu–Au skarn formation; Ertsberg, Papua Province, Indonesia Richard W. Henley1 · Frank J. Brink2 ·...Ma Ertsberg East Skarn System (Indonesia), adjacent to the giant Grasberg Porphyry Copper deposit, is part...incongruent dissolution of almandine-grossular to andradite and anorthite (an alteration mineral not previously...Skarn System (EESS) deposit, alongside the giant Grasberg porphyry copper deposit (Fig. 1), is part of the...Simplified geological map pf the Grasberg–Ertsberg district, West Papua, Indonesia. b, c Geology and cross-section
	Idrus, Arifudin, Setijadji, L. D., Thamba, F. (2011) Geology and Characteristics of Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag Skarn Deposit at Ruwai, Lamandau Regency, Central Kalimantan. Indonesian Journal of Geology, 6 (4) 191-201	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Jurnal Geologi Indonesia, Vol. 6 No. 4 Desember 2011: 191-201 Geology and Characteristics of Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag...Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag Skarn Deposit at Ruwai, Lamandau Regency, Central Kalimantan Geologi dan Karakteristik Cebakan...of skarn Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag deposit at Ruwai, Lamandau Regency, Central Kalimantan. The formation of Ruwai skarn...characterized by prograde alteration comprising garnet (andradite) and clino-pyroxene (wollastonite), and retrograde...epidot, klorit, kalsit, dan serisit. Mineralisasi bijih dicirikan oleh sfalerit, galena, dan kalkopirit
	*Porter, T.M. - Ed.* (2005) Super Porphyry Copper and Gold Deposits: A Global Perspective Vol. 2. PGC Publishing.**	Book (volume)
	photograph: Upper benches o fth e Grasberg open pit, Papua, Indonesia, 1999. Photograph by T M Porter......... 287 ， G rasbec^ Porphyry Cu-Au Deposit Papua» In d o n esia:1 .Magmatic History John T' Paterson...313 ，， G rasbcrg Porphyry Cu-Au Deposit Papua Indonesia: 2. Pervasive Hydrotherm al Alteration John...Ertsberg Diorite, G unung Bijih (Ertsberg/G rasberg) District, West Papua, Indonesia Kurt C Friehauf, Spencer...of Porphyry Cu-Mo-Ag Deposits in the Collahuasi District，N orthern Chile Glertton J. Masterman, David R
	Soloviev, Serguei G., Kryazhev, Sergey G., Dvurechenskaya, Svetlana S. (2013) Geology, mineralization, stable isotope geochemistry, and fluid inclusion characteristics of the Novogodnee–Monto oxidized Au–(Cu) skarn and porphyry deposit, Polar Ural, Russia. Mineralium Deposita, 48 (5) 603-627 doi:10.1007/s00126-012-0449-9	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Fig. 2 Schematic map showing the mineralized district hosting the Novogodnee–Monto deposit (modified...17 16 15 Differentiation trends 12 Ertsberg-Grasberg high-K intrusions lamprophyre 11 granodiorite...* 21 Gabbro 12 20 19 6 14 15 13 Ertsberg-Grasberg low-K intrusions 5 4 3 Calc-Alkaline+Tholeitic...60 50 40 Differentiation trends 6 Ertsberg-Grasberg high-K intrusions Shoshonitic series 5 WIP...70 0.3 16 16 0.2 18 17 2 8 10 Ertsberg-Grasberg low-K intrusions 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1
	Zhao, Yiming, Zhang, Yinan, Bi, Chengsi (1999) Geology of gold-bearing skarn deposits in the middle and lower Yangtze River Valley and adjacent regions. Ore Geology Reviews, 14 (3) 227-249 doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(99)00008-6	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	coexisting pyroxenes and garnets are diopside and andradite, indicating the high oxygen fugacity and low acidity...and Jiguanzui in Hubei Province and Tianmashan, Xingiao and Sanpu in Anhui Province, have been discovered...dolomitic limestone and dolomite; in the Sanpu district of northern Anhui, they are Middle and Upper Cambrian...lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Sanpu district — are located in upper mantle anomalies ŽZhao...limestone and dolomitic limestone; in the Tongling district, besides the for- The intrusions related to the
	Forster, D. B., Seccombe, P. K., Phillips, D. (2004) Controls on Skarn Mineralization and Alteration at the Cadia Deposits, New South Wales, Australia. Economic Geology, 99 (4) 761-788 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.99.4.761	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	intrusion-related system in eastern Australia. Both the Big Cadia and Little Cadia skarns are developed within...associated with porphyry deposits. Iron skarn at Big Cadia occurs several hundred meters distant from...Cadia Quarry, toward more distal environments at Big Cadia. Skarn zonation comprises (1) proximal garnet...East, mineralization and skarn zonation similar to Big Cadia developed above additional intrusions of quartz...of alteration and mineralization suggest that the Big Cadia skarn formed from fluids that migrated laterally
	Soloviev, Serguei G., Kryazhev, Sergey G., Dvurechenskaya, Svetlana S., Uyutov, Victor I. (2019) Geology, mineralization, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope characteristics of the Sinyukhinskoe Cu-Au skarn deposit, Russian Altai, SW Siberia. Ore Geology Reviews, 112. 103039 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.103039	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	characterized by the development of abundant andradite-rich garnet and wollastonite in PR prograde...1972). AL Then, part of the deposit (“Veselyi Mine”) was described by Ettlinger and Meinert (1991)... collisional) processes. 3. District geology The mineralized district that hosts the Sinyukhinskoe deposit...pale-brown to pale-brown grossular-andradite O garnet (10-30 mol.% andradite; Table 3), greenish-white to...brown to dark- PR brown andradite-grossular garnet (30-60 mol.% andradite) and wollastonite, locally
	Zhang, Shitao, Chen, Huayong, Shu, Qihai, Zhang, Yu, Chu, Gaobin, Cheng, Jiamin, Tian, Jing (2019) Unveiling growth histories of multi-generational garnet in a single skarn deposit via newly-developed LA-ICP-MS U Pb dating of grandite. Gondwana Research, 73. 65-76 doi:10.1016/j.gr.2019.04.003	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	on multi-generational grandite RI (grossular-andradite) garnet from the large Tonglvshan Cu-Fe-Au skarn...high-precision concordia U-Pb ages with higher andradite Mol%, euhedral and larger crystals, and relevant...especially grandite (grossular (Ca3Al2Si3O12) to andradite (Ca3Fe2Si3O12)), is a ubiquitous mineral in the...et al., 2011; Zhou et al., 2015). The Edong ore district located in the western of the MLYRB is well endowed...were extensively distributed in the Edong ore district with a total PT outcrop area of ~700 km2 (ESM
	Huang, Yi-Ru, Guo, Na, Tang, Ju-Xing, Shi, Wei-Xin, Ran, Feng-Qin (2020) Garnet Characteristics Associated with Jiama Porphyry-Skarn Cu Deposit 1# Skarn Orebody, Tibet, Using Thermal Infrared Spectroscopy. Minerals, 11 (1) 5 doi:10.3390/min11010005	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	thephenomenon andradite series (i.e., increasby an increasing grossular component of the andradite series (i...380 nm 11,310 nm 11,223 nm belong to grossular-andradite solid solution. From the core to the edge, the...MgO CaO Total Si Ti Al Cr Fe3+ Fe2+ Mn Mg Ca Andradite Grossular Almandine + Pyrope + Spessartine 33...16 34.78 96.16 Si Ti Al Cr Fe3+ Fe2+ Mn Mg Ca Andradite 3.04 0 0.41 0 1.3 0.2 0.03 0.02 3.13 76.95 3...15 33.9 96.67 Si Ti Al Cr Fe3+ Fe2+ Mn Mg Ca Andradite Grossular Almandine + Pyrope + Spessartine 3
	Duan, Zhuang, Gleeson, Sarah A., Gao, Wen-Sheng, Wang, Fang-Yue, Li, Chun-Jia, Li, Jian-Wei (2020) Garnet U-Pb dating of the Yinan Au-Cu skarn deposit, Luxi District, North China Craton: Implications for district-wide coeval Au-Cu and Fe skarn mineralization. Ore Geology Reviews, 118. 103310 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103310	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Au-Cu skarn deposit, Luxi District, North China Craton: implications for district-wide coeval Au-Cu and Fe...Au-Cu skarn deposit, Luxi District, North China Craton: implications for district-wide coeval Au-Cu and Fe...Au-Cu skarn deposit, Luxi District, North China Craton: implications for district-wide coeval Au-Cu and Fe...Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China 2 * Corresponding author...garnet from the Yinan Au-Cu skarn deposit in Luxi District, eastern North China Craton, to place tight constraints
	Burisch, Mathias, Gerdes, Axel, Meinert, Lawrence D., Albert, Richard, Seifert, Thomas, Gutzmer, Jens (2019) The essence of time – fertile skarn formation in the Variscan Orogenic Belt. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 519. 165-170 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.05.015	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	skarns in the Erzgebirge, a classic metallogenic province in central Europe. Garnet ages obtained not only...Skarns of the Erzgebirge, a classical metallogenic province in Central Europe, are a typical example of the...Fig. 1. Geological overview of the Erzgebirge province (modiﬁed after Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt...Erzgebirge The Erzgebirge is a classical metallogenic province with a multitude of economically important greisen...to age date the Hämmerlein skarn (Schwarzenberg district) was based on Rb-Sr dates of muscovite (∼340 Ma;
	*Gorsel, J. T. van (2020) Bibliography of the Geology of Indonesia and Surrounding Areas* (7th ed.)**	Book (edition)
	BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE GEOLOGY OF INDONESIA AND SURROUNDING ARE AS Edition 7.1 – 8 June 2020 J.T. VAN GORSEL...GORSEL Bibliography of Indonesia Geology, Ed. 7.1 1 www.vangorselslist.com 6/8/20 LIST OF CONTENTS........................................ 9 I.1. Indonesia Regional Geology.............................................................. 1507 VIII. WEST PAPUA (WEST NEW GUINEA)...................................... 1516 VIII.1. New Guinea General and West Papua ...............................................
	Li, Yue, Yuan, Feng, Jowitt, Simon M., Wang, Fangyue, Li, Xiangling, Deng, Yufeng, Wang, Yunyue, Zhou, Taofa (2021) Molybdenite Re–Os, titanite and garnet U–Pb dating of the Magushan skarn Cu–Mo deposit, Xuancheng district, Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt. Geoscience Frontiers, 12 (3) 101116pp. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2020.11.013	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	of the Magushan skarn Cu–Mo deposit, Xuancheng district, Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt...23009, China Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Mineral Resources and Mine Environments, Hefei...Titanite U–Pb dating Garnet U–Pb dating Xuancheng ore district Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt ...mineralization occurring within the Xuancheng ore district of the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic...present new molybdenite Re–Os and titanite and andradite garnet U–Pb ages for the Magushan deposit and
	CHEN, Lei, QIN, Kezhang, LI, Jinxiang, XIAO, Bo, LI, Guangming, ZHAO, Junxing, FAN, Xin (2012) Fluid Inclusions and Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur Isotopes of Nuri Cu-W-Mo Deposit in the Southern Gangdese, Tibet. Resource Geology, 62 (1) 42-62 doi:10.1111/j.1751-3928.2011.00179.x	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	belt. The intrusive rocks exposed in the Nuri ore district consist of quartz diorite, granodiorite, monzogranite...is distributed in the central part of the Nuri district, a thick dark gray micrite layer in the upper...member is the main ore-bearing stratum in the ore district, with thickness of >400 m, exposed in all the...and monzogranite intrusions are exposed in the district and quartz diorite porphyrite occurs in the drill...limonite. Major gangue minerals are grossular, andradite, diopside, vesuvianite, scapolite, wollastonite
	Zahedi, Azam, Boomeri, Mohammad, Nakashima, Kazuo, Mackizadeh, Mohammad Ali, Ban, Masao, Lentz, David R. (2014) Geochemical Characteristics, Origin, and Evolution of Ore-Forming Fluids of the Khut Copper Skarn Deposit, West of Yazd in Central Iran. Resource Geology, 64 (3) 209-232 doi:10.1111/rge.12037	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	at about 50 km northwest of Taft City in Yazd province in the middle part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic...7Di42.3–Hd86.1Di9.5) with Al-bearing andradite (69.8–99.5 mol% andradite). The temperature in the early prograde...stage is manifested by almost pure andradite (96.2–98.4 mol% andradite). Based on the fluid inclusion data...about 120,000 tons at 1 to 10% Cu in one part of the mine (Khoie et al., 1999). Other skarn deposits in the...geological map of the Khut area in the west of Yazd Province, Central Iran (modified after Hajmolla Ali, 1993)
	Koděra, Peter, Lexa, Jaroslav, Fallick, Anthony E. (2010) Formation of the Vysoká–Zlatno Cu–Au skarn–porphyry deposit, Slovakia. Mineralium Deposita, 45 (8) 817-843 doi:10.1007/s00126-010-0304-9	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	stratovolcano (Fig. 1a). The Banská Štiavnica ore district, hosted by the central zone of the stratovolcano...Pb and 8,000 t Cu; Lexa et al. 1999). The ore district includes also several occurrences of Cu–Au skarn–...nor the other occurrences of this type in the district have ever been studied in detail in terms of genesis...Skarn–porphyry mineralisation was not known in this district until the discovery of the Zlatno deposit in the...(Handerlová, Medené, Kozí Potok, Jelšová) in the district (Fig. 2; Filo et al. 1990; Daubner et al. 1992;
	Wan, Bo, Xiao, Wenjiao, Han, Chunming, Windley, Brian F., Zhang, Lianchang, Qu, Wenjun, Du, Andao (2014) Re–Os molybdenite age of the Cu–Mo skarn ore deposit at Suoerkuduke in East Junggar, NW China and its geological significance. Ore Geology Reviews, 56. 541-548 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.02.011	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Junggar, and certainly no Permian intrusions in the mine area. In contrast, Late Carboniferous granites are...Suoerkuduke Cu–Mo ore is a medium-size skarn deposit. The mine area is mainly composed of mid-Devonian volcaniclastics...(BGMRX, 1993). Intrusive rocks in the eastern part of mine area are mostly K-feldspar granites that consist...be the source of the skarn ore. The strata in the mine area were deformed by folds with NNW/ SSE-trending...mainly distributed in the southeastern section of the mine area (Fig. 3B); all these are stratiform or lenticular
	Fu, Yu, Sun, Xiaoming, Li, Dengfeng, Lin, Hai (2018) U-Pb Geochronology and Geochemistry of U-Rich Garnet from the Giant Beiya Gold-Polymetallic Deposit in SW China: Constraints on Skarn Mineralization Process. Minerals, 8 (4) 128 doi:10.3390/min8040128	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	younger Grt II (both belong to the grossular-andradite solid solution) are distinguishable: Grt II (Adr69...porphyry metallogenic belt is an important Cu-Au province in SW China, and contains a large number of deposits...exposed mainly in the eastern part of the ore district (Figure 2a), which contains arkose, hornfelsed...Outcropping igneous rocks in and around the ore district include the Upper Permian Emeishan flood basalt...region, they are relatively rare within the ore district but are considered closely related to the mineralization
	Li, Dengfeng, Tan, Chuyan, Miao, Fengyu, Liu, Qiaofen, Zhang, Yu, Sun, Xiaoming (2019) Initiation of Zn-Pb mineralization in the Pingbao Pb-Zn skarn district, South China: Constraints from U-Pb dating of grossular-rich garnet. Ore Geology Reviews, 107. 587-599 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.03.011	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Zn-Pb mineralization in the Pingbao Pb-Zn skarn district, South China: Constraints from U-Pb dating of...Zn-Pb mineralization in the Pingbao Pb-Zn skarn district, South China: Constraints from U-Pb dating of...Zn-Pb mineralization in the Pingbao Pb-Zn skarn district, South China: Constraints from U-Pb dating of...Baoshan and Huangshaping areas of the Pingbao skarn district (Hunan, South China). The Baoshan garnet comprises...And34.0 to And99.0 Gr0.2 (Gr = Grossular; And = Andradite), with minor spessartine (0.43– 1.45 %), almandine
	Zhao, Haijie, Xie, Guiqing, Wei, Ketao, Ke, Yufu (2012) Mineral compositions and fluid evolution of the Tonglushan skarn Cu–Fe deposit, SE Hubei, east-central China. International Geology Review, 54 (7) 737-764 doi:10.1080/00206814.2011.569418	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	PR China b Geological Team of Southeast Hubei Province, Daye, PR China Published online: 24 May 2011...PR China; b Geological Team of Southeast Hubei Province, Daye, PR China Downloaded by [University of...68 Mt at 41% Fe) is located in the westernmost district of the Middle–Lower Yangtze River metallogenic...grossular (Ad20.2–41.6 Gr49.7–74.1 ) to pure andradite (Ad47.4–70.7 Gr23.9–45.9 ) in composition, and...Tonglushan deposit, located in the Daye district, SE Hubei Province, is a typical Cu–Fe skarn (Wei et al
	*Hedenquist, Jeffrey W. (2012) Geology and genesis of major copper deposits and districts of the world : a tribute to Richard H. Sillitoe.*	Book
	label: Aerial view of the Bingham Canyon copper mine, Kennecott Utah Copper, September 2003. Photo courtesy...Magmatic-Hydrothermal History of the Río Blanco-Los Bronces District, Central Chile: Development of World’s Greatest...Chuquicamata District, Northern Chile Geologic Overview of the Escondida Porphyry Copper District, Northern...Molybdenum Deposits of the Ertsberg-Grasberg District, Papua, Indonesia Clyde A. Leys, Mark Cloos, Brian...N. Moreto, André Luiz Silva Pestilho, Mineral Province, Brazil Gustavo Henrique Coelho de Melo, Marco
	Xie, Guiqing, Mao, Jingwen, Richards, Jeremy P., Han, Yingxiao, Fu, Bin (2019) Distal Au Deposits Associated with Cu-Au Skarn Mineralization in the Fengshan Area, Eastern China. Economic Geology, 114 (1) 127-142 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2019.4623	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	metallogenic belt is the most important Cu and Fe skarn province in China (Fig. 1A; Mao et al., 2011). The ore...lower crust-derived felsic magma. The Jiurui ore district is located in the western part of the Middle-Lower...of China showing the location of the Jiurui ore district, and Tongjing Cu-Au deposit (T), MiddleLower Yangtze...(MLYRB). (B) Simplified geologic map of the Jiurui district showing ages of granitic rocks related to Cu-Au...situated in the westernmost part of the Jiurui ore district, and two contrasting types of mineralization have
	*Xu, G, Lin, X (2000) Geology and geochemistry of the Changlongshan skarn iron deposit, Anhui Province, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 16 (1) 91-106 doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(99)00025-6*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Anhui Province, China G. Xu a a,) , X. Lin b Department of Geology, UniÕersity of Papua New Guinea...Guinea, Box 414, UniÕersity P.O., N.C.D., Papua New Guinea b Department of Mineral Resources, China UniÕersity...northeastern part of the Tongling-Fanchang Fe–Cu district, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China. It is a specularite...Prograde skarn alteration consists mainly of andradite and hedenbergite whereas retrograde skarn is characterized...iron–copper district of the Middle–Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt, Anhui Province, northeast Yangtze
	Marfin, Alexander E., Ivanov, Alexei V., Kamenetsky, Vadim S., Abersteiner, Adam, Yakich, Tamara Yu., Dudkin, Timur V. (2020) Contact Metamorphic and Metasomatic Processes at the Kharaelakh Intrusion, Oktyabrsk Deposit, Norilsk-Talnakh Ore District: Application of LA-ICP-MS Dating of Perovskite, Apatite, Garnet, and Titanite. Economic Geology, 115 (6). 1213-1226 doi:10.5382/econgeo.4744	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Intrusion, Oktyabrsk Deposit, Norilsk-Talnakh Ore District: Application of Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled...663332, Russia Abstract The Norilsk-Talnakh ore district in the northwestern Siberian platform contains...Oktyabrsk deposit, which is one of the largest in the district, is spatially and genetically associated with...geochemistry, and ore formation at the Norilsk district have been studied extensively over numerous decades...representative references pertaining to the Norilsk-Talnakh district: Distler et al. (1975), Zolotukhin et al. (1975)

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Andradite from Big Gossan Mine, Gunung Bijih District (Grasberg District), Mimika Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia

Andradite from
Big Gossan Mine, Gunung Bijih District (Grasberg District), Mimika Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia