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Protophasmatidae ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	307441	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=307441

Rank

family (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Eoblattida : Protophasmatidae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
order	Eoblattida	Handlirsch 1906
family	Protophasmatidae	Brongniart 1885

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Protophasmatidae	family	belongs to Insecta	implied	Scudder, 1893
Protophasmatidae	family	belongs to Protorthoptera	stated with evidence	Carpenter, 1992
Protophasmatidae	family	belongs to Eoblattida	stated with evidence	Aristov, 2015

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

315 - 311 Ma
Carboniferous

Last Recorded Appearance

260 - 254 Ma
Permian

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. Brongniart. 1885. Les insectes fossiles des terrains primaires. Coup d'oeil rapide sur la fauna entomologique des terrains paléozoïques. Bulletin de la Société des Amis des Sciences Naturelles de Rouen 21(3):50-68

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Cacurgulopsis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	304 Ma Carboniferous	304 Ma Carboniferous
Heterologellus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	315 Ma Carboniferous	315 Ma Carboniferous
Ischnoptera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	304 Ma Carboniferous	304 Ma Carboniferous
Nectoptilus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	311 Ma Carboniferous	311 Ma Carboniferous
Nosipteron ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	299 Ma Carboniferous	299 Ma Carboniferous
Permeoblatta ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	260 Ma Permian	260 Ma Permian
Pintopinna ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	304 Ma Carboniferous	304 Ma Carboniferous
Protophasma ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	311 Ma Carboniferous	304 Ma Carboniferous
Taiophlebia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	315 Ma Carboniferous	304 Ma Carboniferous

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1885	Protophasmida Brongniart p. 59
1893	Protophasmida Scudder
1906	Protophasmidae Handlirsch p. 153
1919	Protophasmidae Handlirsch p. 560
1922	Protophasmidae Handlirsch p. 98
1992	Protophasmatidae Carpenter p. 130
2007	Taiophlebiidae Martins-Neto p. 96
2015	Protophasmatidae Aristov p. 12

References

Brongniart C. Les insectes fossiles des terrains primaires. Coup d'oeil rapide sur la fauna entomologique des terrains paléozoïques, Bulletin de la Société des Amis des Sciences Naturelles de Rouen 21 3, 50-68

Scudder S. H. Insect fauna of the Rhode Island coal field, Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 101, 1-21

Handlirsch A. (1906) Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen, parts I-IV, Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen, 1-640

Handlirsch A. (1919) Revision der Paläozoischen Insekten, Denkschriften der Akademie Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 96, 511-592

Handlirsch A. (1922) Insecta Palaeozoica, Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia 16, 1-230

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Martins-Neto R. G. (2007) Taxonomic names, in A review of the South American Palaeozoic entomofauna part I: the Ischnoneuroidea and Cacurgoidea, with description of new taxa, African Invertebrates 48, 87-101

Aristov D. S. (2015) Classification of the order Eoblattida (Insecta: Blattidea) with description of new taxa, Far Eastern Entomologist 301, 1-56

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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