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Lithistida

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	2991	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=2991

Rank

subclass (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Lithistida

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
phylum	Porifera	Grant 1836
class	Demospongea
order	Lithistida

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Lithistida	order	belongs to Demospongea	stated with evidence	Rigby and Desrochers, 1995
Lithistida	order	belongs to Demospongia	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Lithistida	subclass	belongs to Demospongea	stated with evidence	Finks et al., 2004

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

963

Extant Size (PBDB)

47 (4.9%)

First Recorded Appearance

520 - 513 Ma
Cambrian

Environment

marine (based on Lithistida)

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Lithistida)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Lithistida)

Ecospace Comments

COMMENTS: Erect and surficial, non-motile attached suspension feeding according to Bambach et al. (2007)

Taphonomy

silica (based on Lithistida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Megalithistida order	listed (PBDB)	129	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	0 Ma Extant
Monalithistida order	listed (PBDB)	35	191 Ma Early Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Spirosclerophorida order	listed (PBDB)	832	513 Ma Cambrian	0 Ma Extant
Tetralithistida order	listed (PBDB)	520	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Orchocladina ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)	684	516 Ma Cambrian	140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Phymatellidae family	listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Radiocelliidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	1	212 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	212 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Scleritodermidae family	listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Vauxiidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	30	520 Ma Cambrian	513 Ma Cambrian
Achrochordiella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Achrochordonia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Adrianella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Allomera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Allosaccus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	7	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	466 Ma Middle Ordovician
Anomoclonella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Arbuscula ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	269 Ma Permian	269 Ma Permian
Archaeodoryderma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Asterocalyx ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Asterospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Astrolemma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Astylomanon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Aulacospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Aulocopina ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Aulosoma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Bathotheca ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	161 Ma Jurassic	161 Ma Jurassic
Bolojerea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Bolospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Bothoteca ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Bothrochlaenia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Brianispongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Callipelta genus	listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Carterella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Caryomanon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Chiastoclonella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cladodia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cladolithosia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cnemaulax ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Columellaespongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Compsaspis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Corallidium ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Corallistes genus	listed (PBDB)	4	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Coscinospongia genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Costifer genus	listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Cupulina ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cyathospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Cymbochlaenia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Dactylocalycites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Dendroclonella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Devonospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Diacyparia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Dichojerea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Didymosphaera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Dimorpha ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Discodermites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Elasmalimus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Exochopora ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Exodictydia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Garraspongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Gignouxia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Heterospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Hippalimus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Holodictyon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Homophymia genus	listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Hyaloderma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Hyalospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	161 Ma Jurassic	161 Ma Jurassic
Hypothyra ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Inodia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Iouea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ischadia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Isispongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Jereomorpha ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Jumarella genus	listed (PBDB)	1	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	168 Ma Middle Jurassic
Kazania ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	254 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Kozlowskispongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lasiocladia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Leiodermatium genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Lerouxia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Lithostrobilis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Lyidium genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Macandrewia genus	listed (PBDB)	1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Macandrewites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Malinowskiella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Marginospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Mastophorus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Mastophyma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Mastosia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mastostroma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	269 Ma Permian	269 Ma Permian
Microrhizophora ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Moretia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Mortieria ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Multipocula ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Nelumbia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Nematinion ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Neohindia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Neopelta genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Nipterella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ocellaria ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Okulitchina ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Olkenbachia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Oncocladia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Oncodona ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Orecyta ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Orospheciom ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ortmannispongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Ozarkocoelia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pachycorynea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pachypsechia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Palaeophyma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Patanophyma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Perimera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Phymaplecia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Physocalpia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Placojerea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Placonella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Platispongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Plethosiphonia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pleuromera ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pleurophymia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Plococonia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pocillospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Podapsis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Polyrhizophora ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Polysiponeudea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Polystoma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	161 Ma Jurassic
Polythyra ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Poterionella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Propleroma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Proseliscothon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Protetraclis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Psarodictyon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pseudoguettardia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pseudoplocoscyphia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pseudoscytalia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pseudoseliscothon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pterocalpia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pycnopegma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pycnospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pyrogochonia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Racodiscula genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Rhagosplecion ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Rhizostele ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Rhopalospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Rhytidoderma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Scleritoderma genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Scythophyma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Siphonocoelia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	8	140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Steliella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Stellettites ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Streptospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Sulcastrella genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Syltispongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Tetraspongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Theonella genus	listed (PBDB)	1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Timidella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Trachynoton ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Tragalimus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Tretoechus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Urnacristata ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Valhalla ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Varneycoelia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	411 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Vermiculissimum ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Verrucospongia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	2	235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Vetulina genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Yrrhiza ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Zitteleus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1870	Lithistida Schmidt
1995	Lithistida Rigby and Desrochers
2002	Lithistida Sepkoski, Jr.
2004	Lithistida Finks et al. p. 4

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Rigby J. K., Desrochers A. (1995) Lower and Middle Ordovician lithistid demosponges from the Mingan Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada, Journal of Paleontology Memoir 69 4, 1-35

Finks R. M., Reid R. E. H., et al (2004) Porifera (Demospongea, Hexactinellida, Heteractinida, Calcarea), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part E, Revised E 3, 1-872

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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