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Chrosiothes

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Description

Chrosiothes is a spider genus that occurs almost exclusively in the New World from the United States to Brazil, with one species found in China, Korea and Japan, and two species endemic to Taiwan.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrosiothes, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2156028	https://www.gbif.org/species/2156028
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	258164	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=258164

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Theridiidae : Chrosiothes

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Chelicerata	Heymons 1901
-	Euchelicerata	Weygoldt and Paulus 1979
-	Prosomapoda	Lamsdell 2013
class	Xiphosura
order	Xiphosurida	Latreille 1802
-	Planaterga	Lamsdell 2013
-	Dekatriata	Lamsdell 2013
-	Sclerophorata	Kamenz et al. 2011
class	Arachnida	Lamarck 1801
-	Pantetrapulmonata	Shultz 2007
subclass	Tetrapulmonata	Schultz 1990
-	Serikodiastida	Garwood and Dunlop 2014
order	Araneae	Clerck 1757
suborder	Opisthothelae	Pocock 1892
infraorder	Araneomorphae	Smith 1902
-	Entelegynae	Simon 1893
superfamily	Araneoidea	Simon 1895
family	Theridiidae	Sundevall 1833
genus	Chrosiothes	Simon 1894

Scientific Name

Chrosiothes Simon, 1894

Name Published In

Hist. Araign., ed. 2, 1, fasc. 3

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Chrosiothes	genus	belongs to Theridiidae	stated with evidence	Dunlop et al., 2013

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

1 (13%)

First Recorded Appearance

20.4 - 13.8 Ma
Miocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Arachnida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arachnida)

Vision

limited (based on Xiphosurida)

Diet

carnivore (based on Xiphosura)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Arachnida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. A. Dunlop, D. Penney, and D. Jekel. 2013. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In N. Platnick (ed.), The World Spider Catalog, version 14.0. American Museum of Natural History

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrosiothes

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Chrosiothes biconigerus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes carajaensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes chirica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes cicuta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes curvispinosus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes decorus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes diabolicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes emulgatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes episinoides species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes fulvus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes iviei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes jamaicensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes jenningsi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes jocosus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes litus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes longispinosus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes minusculus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes monoceros ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes murici species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes niteroi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes perfidus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes portalensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes proximus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes silvaticus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes sudabides species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes taiwan species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes tonala species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes tumulus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes una species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes unicornis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Chrosiothes valmonti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes venturosus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Chrosiothes wagneri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Chrosiotes Simon, 1901	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Theridiidae : *Chrosiotes*
Theridiotis Levi, 1954	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Theridiidae : *Theridiotis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1894	Chrosiothes Simon
2013	Chrosiothes Dunlop et al.

References

Dunlop J. A., Penney D., et al (2013) A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives, The World Spider Catalog, version 14.0. American Museum of Natural History

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Hallan, J. (2000-current). Biology Catalog. Web compilation accessible at http://bug.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/ (accessed June 2012). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000 unverified/Stang, 2004-present - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per included species - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Hist. Araign., ed. 2, 1, fasc. 3 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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