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Serpula ✝
| Description | Serpula (also known as calcareous tubeworm, serpulid tubeworm, fanworm, or plume worm) is a genus of sessile, marine annelid tube worms that belongs to the family Serpulidae. Serpulid worms are very similar to tube worms of the closely related sabellid family, except that the former possess a cartilaginous operculum that occludes the entrance to their protective tube after the animal has withdrawn into it. The most distinctive feature of worms of the genus Serpula is their colorful fan-shaped "crown". The crown, used by these animals for respiration and alimentation, is the structure that is most commonly seen by scuba divers and other casual observers. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpula, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | genus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Serpula | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Serpulimorpha : Serpula | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Serpula Linnaeus, 1758 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | Linnæus, Carolus. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. Vol. Tomus I, Editio decima, reformata: i-ii, 1-824. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 485 - 478 Ma Paleozoic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Recorded Appearance | 269 - 265 Ma Permian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine,brackish (based on Serpulimorpha) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | stationary, epibiont (based on Serpulimorpha) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vision | limited (based on Polychaeta) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | suspension feeder (based on Serpulimorpha) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | low Mg calcite, aragonite (based on Serpulimorpha) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpula |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euomphalus planorbites species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Protoserpula pacificum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
 Serpula adnataspecies | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Serpula aggregata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula amplilobata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula ampullacea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula anguinoides species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula angulata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula annulata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula antarctica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula antiquata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula batequensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula bossellata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula bowiensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula buccinula species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula canalifera ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Serpula cannelletto species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula carinula ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Serpula cavernicola species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cereolus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula clientela species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula coacervata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cochlea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula colon species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula columbiana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula concharum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula conformis species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 166 Ma Middle Jurassic | 157 Ma Jurassic | |
| Serpula conglutinata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula constrictor ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 237 Ma Middle Triassic | 237 Ma Middle Triassic | |
| Serpula convolvulata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cordineri species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cornucopia species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cornucopiae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula crenata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cretacea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula crispocristata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula cristata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula delphinula species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula dentata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula denticulata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula externecristata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula filaria species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula geranae ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Serpula granulosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula gyrolithiformis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula hartmanae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula helicalis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula hombroni species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula implicata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula incerta species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula indica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula infundibulum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula intorta species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula intricata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula israelitica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula japonica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula jukesii species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula kaempferi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula klaumanni species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula lagena species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula lineata ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Serpula lobata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula lobiancoi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula longituba species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula madrigalae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula mallurensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula maorica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula markmani species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula melitensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula mendica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula minima species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula monilifera ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Serpula muelleri species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula nanhaiensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula narconensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula nautiloides species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula nodosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula nudiradiata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula operculata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula ornata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula oshimae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula ovalis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula pacifica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula paluxiensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula patagonica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula perforata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula philippensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula planorbis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula porosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula protensa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula pulchella species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula pyramidalis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula quadrata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula rauca species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula rectiformis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula retorta species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula reversa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula riolensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula rubens species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula rugosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula schubarthi ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 260 Ma Permian | 260 Ma Permian | |
| Serpula seminulum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula serpentina species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula serpentula species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula sinica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula sitapurensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula solitaris species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula spiruloea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula squamosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula stellaris species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula striata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula subcarinata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula subnodulosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula subpustulosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula subtilis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula subtorquata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula tenuicarinata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula testatrix species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula tetragona species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula tetratropia species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula thevenini species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula torquata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula tricruciata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula trigonalis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula trilatera species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula trilobata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula trochoides species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula urnae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula uschakovi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula utahensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula vasifera species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula vermicella species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula vermicularis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula verrucosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula vertebralis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | |
| Serpula viperina species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula vittata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula vossae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula watsoni species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula willeyi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula wurgauensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpula zelandica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serpulites indicus ✝ species | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 269 Ma Permian | 269 Ma Permian | |
Obsolete Names
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 2002 | Serpulites Sepkoski, Jr. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
