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Menispermaceae
| Description | Menispermaceae (Botanical Latin : 'Moonseed Family' from Greek mene 'crescent moon' and sperma 'seed' ) is a family of flowering plants. The alkaloid Tubocurarine, a neuromuscular blocker and the active ingredient in the 'tube curare' form of the dart poison curare, is derived from the South American liana Chondrodendron tomentosum. Several other South American genera belonging to the family have been used to prepare the 'pot' and calabash' forms of curare. The family contains 68 genera with some 440 species, which are distributed throughout low-lying tropical areas with some species present in temperate and arid regions. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menispermaceae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | family | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Menispermaceae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | Gen. Pl.: 284. 4 Aug | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 12 (31%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 113 - 101 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | H. D. MacGinitie. 1941. A Middle Eocene Flora from the Central Sierra Nevada. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 534:1-178 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Mondsamengewächse, Moonseed Family, Ménispermacées, 방기과, Moonseeds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menispermaceae |
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menispermeae tribe | listed (PBDB) | 14 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Tinosporeae tribe | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 48.6 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Abuta genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Albertisia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Anamirta genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Anelasma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Anisocycla genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Anisocylca genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Anomospermum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Antizoma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Arcangelisia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Aristega genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Aspidocarya genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Beirnaertia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Borismene genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Burasaia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Calycocarpum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Carronia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 2.59 Ma Pleistocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Caryomene genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cebatha genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chasmanthera genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chlaenandra genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chondodendron genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chondrodendron genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cissampelos genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 13.8 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Clypea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cocculus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 41 | 70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Coscinium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Curarea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cyclea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Detandra genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dialytheca genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dioscoreophyllum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diploclisia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Disciphania genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Elephantomene genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Eleutharrhena genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Elissarrhena genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Fibraurea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Gabila genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Goweria genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Haematocarpus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Husemannia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hyperbaena genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Hypserpa genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 18 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Jateorhiza genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Karinschmidtia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Kolobopetalum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Legnephora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Leptoterantha genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Limacia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Limaciopsis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Macrococculus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Martinmuellera ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 48.6 Ma Eocene | 48.6 Ma Eocene | |
| Menispermaphyllum ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 55.8 Ma Eocene | 55.8 Ma Eocene | |
| Menispermicarpum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Menispermites genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 72 | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Menispermoxylon genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Menispermum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Menispina ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 59.2 Ma Paleocene | 59.2 Ma Paleocene | |
| Mirtana genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nephroica genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Odontocarya genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Orthogynium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Orthomene genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pachygone genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Palaeosinomenium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Parabaena genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 59.2 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Parapachygone genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Paratinomiscium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Penianthus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pericampylus genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 48.6 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Perichasma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Peripetasma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Platytinospora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pleogyne genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pselium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pycnarrhena genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Rhaptonema genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Rhigiocarya genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sarcolophium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sarcopetalum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sciadotenia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sinomenium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sphenocentrum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Spirospermum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Stephania genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 8 | 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Strychnopsis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sychnosepalum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Synclisia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Syntriandrium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Syntriandrum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Syntrisepalum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Syrrheonema genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Syrrhonema genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Telitoxicum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tiliacora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tinomiscium genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tinomiscoidea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 48.6 Ma Eocene | |
| Tinospora genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 17 | 59.2 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Trichoa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Triclisia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ungulipetalum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Wardensheppeya ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 58.7 Ma Paleocene | 48.6 Ma Eocene | |
| Wilkinsoniphyllum ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Zenkerophytum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Biernaertia cadindensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Legnophora microcarpa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Octosepalum nymanii species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Odontacarya mallosperma species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pseudocyclea chinensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Synchnosepalum sagotianum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Obsolete Names
| Name | Source | Taxon Rank | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pseliaceae | GBIF | family | Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Pseliaceae |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1789 | Menispermaceae de Jussieu |
| 1941 | Menispermaceae MacGinitie |
| 1977 | Menispermaceae Hickey |
| 2000 | Menispermaceae Mabberley |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
