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Mecoptera

Description

Mecoptera (from the Greek: mecos = "long", ptera = "wings") are an order of insects in the superorder Endopterygota with about six hundred species in nine families worldwide. Mecopterans are sometimes called scorpionflies after their largest family, Panorpidae, in which the males have enlarged genitals that look similar to the stingers of scorpions, and long beaklike rostra. The Bittacidae, or hangingflies, are another prominent family and are known for their elaborate mating rituals, in which females choose mates based on the quality of gift prey offered to them by the males. A smaller group is the snow scorpionflies, family Boreidae, adults of which are sometimes seen walking on snowfields. In contrast, the majority of species in the order inhabit moist environments in tropical locations.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3256713https://www.gbif.org/species/3256713
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)136708https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=136708
Rankgenus (GBIF)
order (PBDB)
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Mecoptera
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)doubtful
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-Holometabola
-Aparaglossata
-Mecopterida
superorderAntliophora
genusMecopteraGuenée 1837
Common Namescorpionfly
Scientific NameMecoptera Guenée, 1837
Name Published InAnn. Soc. Ent. France, 6
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Mecopteraorderbelongs to Insectastated with evidenceBode, 1953
Mecopteraorderbelongs to Endopterygotastated without evidenceCarpenter, 1992
Mecopteraorderbelongs to Antliophorastated with evidenceKukalová-Peck and Lawrence, 2004
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)1,005
Extant Size (PBDB)31 (3.1%)
First Recorded Appearance318 - 315 Ma
Carboniferous
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)F. M. Carpenter. 1992. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4:1-655
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecoptera

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Aneuretopsychina
suborder
listed (PBDB)133260 Ma
Permian
99.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eumecoptera
suborder
listed (PBDB)32272 Ma
Permian
122 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nannomecoptera
suborder
listed (PBDB)28299 Ma
Carboniferous
0 Ma
Extant
Paramecoptera
suborder
listed (PBDB)
Paratrichoptera
suborder
listed (PBDB)8247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pistillifera
suborder
listed (PBDB)413247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
0 Ma
Extant
Protomecoptera
suborder
listed (PBDB)
Anormochoristidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1290 Ma
Permian
290 Ma
Permian
Belmontiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4254 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Boreidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2152 Ma
Late Jurassic
0 Ma
Extant
Choristopsychidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9191 Ma
Early Jurassic
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cyclopterinidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Englathaumatidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2130 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
130 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Eobanksiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Holcorpidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Kaltanidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
48296 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Karaungiridae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1254 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Mendozachoristidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Permocentropidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1272 Ma
Permian
272 Ma
Permian
Permochoristidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
336290 Ma
Permian
125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Permopanorpidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
25290 Ma
Permian
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Permotanyderidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2254 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Permotipulidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2269 Ma
Permian
254 Ma
Permian
Protomeropidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
27318 Ma
Carboniferous
254 Ma
Permian
Sibiriothaumatidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1152 Ma
Late Jurassic
152 Ma
Late Jurassic
Thaumatomeropidae
family
listed (PBDB)7237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Volitorididae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Worcestobiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2237 Ma
Middle Triassic
209 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Fortiholcorpa
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Liassopanorpa
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1191 Ma
Early Jurassic
191 Ma
Early Jurassic
Mecaenigma
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1237 Ma
Middle Triassic
237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Miriholcorpa
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Necropsis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
166 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Reprehensa
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1183 Ma
Early Jurassic
183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Solusipanorpa
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1886Mecoptera Packard p. 808
1906Panorpata Handlirsch
1937Protodiptera Tillyard
1953Mecoptera Bode
1955Protodiptera Riek p. 669
1992Mecoptera Carpenter
YearName and Author
1994Protodiptera Evenhuis
2004Mecoptera Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence
2010Mecoptera Minet et al.
2011Mecoptera Beutel et al.
2014Mecoptera Misof et al.

References

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655
Handlirsch A. (1906) Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen, parts I-IV, Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen, 1-640
Bode A. (1953) Die Insektenfauna des Ostniedersachsischen Oberen Lias, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 103, 1-375
Riek E. F. (1955) Fossil insects from the Triassic beds at Mt. Crosby, Queensland, Australian Journal of Zoology 3 4, 654-691
Evenhuis N. L. (1994) , Catalogue of the Fossil Flies of the World (Insecta: Diptera), 1-600
Kukalová-Peck J., Lawrence J. F. (2004) Relationships among coleopteran suborders and major endoneopteran lineages: Evidence from hind wing characters, European Journal of Entomology 101, 95-144
Minet J., Huang D. Y., et al (2010) Early Mecopterida and the systematic position of the Microptysmatidae (Insecta: Endopterygota), Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 46, 262-270
Misof B., Liu S. L., et al (2014) Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution, Science 346, 763-767
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 6 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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