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Arapaimidae

Description

Arapaimidae is a family of freshwater osteoglossiform fishes known as the bonytongues. This family includes the arapaimas of the Amazon and Essequibo basins in South America, and the African arowana from Africa. This family is sometimes considered to be a part of the arowana family, Osteoglossidae.


From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapaimidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4228https://www.gbif.org/species/4228
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)265738https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=265738
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Osteoglossiformes : Arapaimidae
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Osteoglossiformes : Arapaimidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
superclassActinopterygii
classActinopteri
subclassNeopterygii
-TeleosteomorphaArratia et al. 2004
-Teleostei
-Osteoglossocephalai
-Osteoglossocephala
superorderOsteoglossomorphaGreenwood et al. 1966
orderOsteoglossiformesBerg 1940
familyArapaimidae
Scientific NameArapaimidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Arapaimidaefamilybelongs to Osteoglossoideastated without evidenceJordan, 1963
Arapaimidaefamilybelongs to Osteoglossiformesstated with evidenceBetancur-R et al., 2013
Arapaimidaefamilybelongs to Osteoglossiformesstated without evidenceBannikov, 2014
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
Extant Size (PBDB)3 (60%)
First Recorded Appearance56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Environmentfreshwater (based on Osteoglossiformes)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteoglossiformes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Osteoglossiformes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Betancur-R., R. E. Broughton, and E. O. Wiley, K. Carpenter, J. A. López, C. Li, N. I. Holcroft, D. Arcila, M. Sanciangco, J. C. Cureton, F. Zhang, T. Buser, M. A. Campbell, J. A. Ballesteros, A. Roa-Varon, S. Willis, W. C. Borden, T. Rowley, P. C. Reneau, G. Lu, T. Grande, G. Arratia, G. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life
Common Name(s) Bonytongues
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapaimidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Arapaima
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		116.0 Ma
Miocene		0 Ma
Extant
Heterotis
genus		accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Thrissopterus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		156.0 Ma
Paleocene		56.0 Ma
Paleocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1963Arapaimidae Jordan p. 623
2013Arapaimidae Betancur-R. et al.
2014Arapaimidae Bannikov p. 25
2014Arapaimidae Carnevale et al. p. 41

References

Betancur-R. R., Broughton R. E., et al (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes, PLOS Currents Tree of Life doi:10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288
Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816
Bannikov A. F. (2014) The systematic composition of the Eocene actinopterygian fish fauna from Monte Bolca, northern Italy, as known to date, Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca, XV - Miscellanea paleontologica 12, 23-34
Carnevale G., Bannikov A. F., et al (2014) The Pesciara-Monte Postale Fossil-Lagerstätte: 2. Fishes and other vertebrates, Rendiconti della Società Paleontologica Italiana 4, 37-63
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Eschmeyer online (Jul 2012) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
CoL2006/FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2019). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2019). - via World Register of Marine Species
Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa. 3882(1): 1-230. - via World Register of Marine Species
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
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