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Eriphostoma

Description

Eriphostoma is an extinct genus of gorgonopsian therapsids known from the Middle Permian (middle Capitanian stage) of Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone, South Africa. It has one known species, Eriphostoma microdon, and was first named by Robert Broom in 1911. It is the oldest known gorgonopsian and among the smallest and most basal members of the clade.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4823359https://www.gbif.org/species/4823359
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)56793https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=56793
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eriphostoma
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Eriphostoma
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassTheromorpha
-Eotherapsida
superorderDinomorphaIvakhnenko 2003
orderGorgodontiaIvakhnenko 2003
suborderGorgonopsiaSeeley 1894
genusEriphostomaBroom 1911
Scientific NameEriphostoma Broom, 1911
Name Published InProc. Zool. Soc. London, 1911,
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Eriphostomagenusbelongs to Therocephaliastated without evidenceBroom, 1913
Eriphostomagenusnomen dubium Gorgonopsiastated with evidenceBoonstra, 1969
Eriphostomagenusbelongs to Gorgonopsiastated with evidenceKammerer et al., 2015
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)4
First Recorded Appearance265 - 260 Ma
Permian
Last Recorded Appearance260 - 252 Ma
Permian
Environmentterrestrial (based on Amniota)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Gorgonopsia)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. Broom. 1911. On some New South African Permian Reptiles. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 81(4):1073-1082
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eriphostoma

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Cynarioides grimbeeki
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cynariops robustus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Eriphostoma microdon
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
11265 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Scylacognathus grimbeeki
species
listed (PBDB)2260 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian
Scylacognathus robustus
species
listed (PBDB)1260 Ma
Permian
260 Ma
Permian

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1911Eriphostoma Broom p. 1078
1913Eriphostoma Broom
1913Scylacognathus Broom
1915Galesuchus Haughton p. 82
1925Cynariops Broom
1929Eoarctops Haughton
1969Eoarctops Boonstra
1969Galesuchus Boonstra
YearName and Author
1969Scylacognathus Boonstra
1988Eoarctops Carroll
1988Galesuchus Carroll
1988Scylacognathus Carroll
1989Eoarctops Sigogneau-Russell
1989Galesuchus Sigogneau-Russell
1989Scylacognathus Sigogneau-Russell
2015Eriphostoma Kammerer et al.

References

Broom R. (1911) On some New South African Permian Reptiles, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 81 4, 1073-1082
Broom R. (1913) A revision of the reptiles of the Karroo, Annals of the South African Museum 7 6, 361-366
Broom R. (1913) On four new fossil reptiles from the Beaufort Series, South Africa, Records of the Albany Museum 2, 397-401
Haughton S. H. (1915) Investigations in South African fossil reptiles and amphibia. 7. On some new gorgonopsians, Annals of the South African Museum 12, 82-90
Haughton S. H. (1929) On some new therapsid genera, Annals of the South African Museum 28, 55-78
Boonstra L. D. (1969) The fauna of the Tapinocephalus Zone (Beaufort Beds of the Karoo), Annals of the South African Museum 56 1, 1-73
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Sigogneau-Russell D. S. (1989) Theriodontia I: Phthinosuchia, Biarmosuchia, Eotitanosuchia, Gorgonopsia, Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology
Kammerer C. F., Smith R. M. H., et al (2015) New information on the morphology and stratigraphic range of the midPermian gorgonopsian Eriphostoma microdon Broom, 1911, Papers in Palaeontology doi:10.1002/spp2.1012
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1911, - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
original publication/web search (AJR). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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