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Alexornithidae ✝

Description

Alexornis is a genus of enantiornithine birds from the Bocana Roja Formation of Baja California, Mexico. This geological formation has been dated to the late Cretaceous period, and more specifically to the Campanian age, about 73 mya. The type and only known species is Alexornis antecedens. Its name means "Alex's ancestral bird"; Alexornis from the given name of ornithologist Alexander Wetmore + Ancient Greek ornis, "bird", and antecedens, Latin for "going before" or "ancestral".


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4844233https://www.gbif.org/species/4844233
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)71342https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=71342
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Alexornithidae
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Alexornithiformes : Alexornithidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
subclassEnantiornithesWalker 1981
orderAlexornithiformesBrodkorb 1976
familyAlexornithidaeBrodkorb 1976
Scientific NameAlexornithidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Alexornithidaefamilybelongs to Alexornithiformesstated with evidenceBrodkorb, 1976
Alexornithidaefamilybelongs to Alexornithiformesstated without evidenceKurochkin, 1996
Alexornithidaefamilybelongs to Alexornithiformesstated with evidenceKurochkin, 2000
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)20
First Recorded Appearance113 - 101 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance86.3 - 66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)P. Brodkorb. 1976. Discovery of a Cretaceous bird, apparently ancestral to the orders Coraciiformes and Piciformes (Aves: Carinatae). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 27:67-73
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexornithidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Abavornis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Alexornis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
186.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Explorornis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Incolornis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kizylkumavis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
193.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lenesornis
genus
listed (PBDB)193.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nanantius
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
105 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sazavis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
293.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Zhyraornis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
399.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1974Gobipterygidae Elzanowski p. 104
1976Alexornithidae Brodkorb p. 72
1984Zhyraornithidae Nessov p. 42
1988Gobipterygidae Carroll
1988Zhyraornithidae Carroll
1996Alexornithidae Kurochkin
1998Alexornithidae Panteleyev
2000Alexornithidae Kurochkin p. 533

References

Brodkorb P. (1976) Discovery of a Cretaceous bird, apparently ancestral to the orders Coraciiformes and Piciformes (Aves: Carinatae), Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 27, 67-73
Elzanowski A. (1974) Preliminary note on the palaeognathous bird from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia, Palaeontologia Polonica 29, 103-109
Nessov L. A. (1984) Upper Cretaceous pterosaurs and birds from central Asia, Paleontological Journal 1984 1, 38-49
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Kurochkin E. N. (1996) A new enantiornithid of the Mongolian Late Cretaceous, and a general appraisal of the infraclass Enantiornithes (Aves), Russian Academy of Sciences Palaeontological Institute Special Issue, 1-60
Panteleyev A. V. (1998) [New species of enantiornithines (Aves: Enantiornithes) from the Upper Cretaceous of central Kyzylkum], Russkii Ornitologicheskii Zhurnal Ekspress Vypusk 35, 3-15
Kurochkin E. N. (2000) Mesozoic birds of Mongolia and the former USSR, The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, 533-559
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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