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Mephitis

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Description

Mephitis may refer to:

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mephitis, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5219379	https://www.gbif.org/species/5219379
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	41134	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41134

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : Mephitis

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
superfamily	Arctoidea	Flower 1869
-	Mustelida	Tedford 1976
family	Mephitidae	Bonaparte 1845
genus	Mephitis	Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire & Cuvier 1795

Scientific Name

Mephitis Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire & Cuvier, 1795

Name Published In

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. & Georges Cuvier. 1795. Mémoire sur une nouvelle division des mammifères, et les principes qui doivent servir de base dans cette sorte de travail. Magasin Encyclopédique, ou Journal des Sciences, des Lettres et des Arts 2: 164-190.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mustelidae	stated without evidence	Geoffroy and Cuvier, 1795
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mustelina	stated without evidence	Gray, 1825
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mephitinae	stated with evidence	Allen, 1901
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Melinae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mephitinae	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mustelidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mephitini	stated with evidence	Baskin, 1998
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mephitidae	stated with evidence	Marmi et al., 2004
Mephitis	genus	belongs to Mephitini	stated without evidence	Wang et al., 2005

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

3 (50%)

First Recorded Appearance

4.90 - 1.80 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore, omnivore (based on Carnivora)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.

Common Name(s)

Hooded Skunks, Striped Skunks

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mephitis

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Mephitis cordubensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mephitis longicaudata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mephitis macroura species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Mephitis mephitis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Striped Skunk	42	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Mephitis nasuta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mephitis orthrostica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Mephitis rexroadensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	4.90 Ma Pliocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Mephitis vittata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Mephites Gray, 1847	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : *Mephites*
Viverra Schreber, 1776	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : *Viverra*
Mammephitisus Herrera, 1899	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : *Mammephitisus*
Mephites Swainson, 1835	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : *Mephites*
Mephritis Gray, 1821	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : *Mephritis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1795	Mephitis Geoffroy and Cuvier
1800	Mephitis Cuvier
1825	Mephitis Gray p. 339
1842	Chincha Lesson
1901	Mephitis Allen p. 332
1902	Mephitis Hay p. 766

Year	Name and Author
1980	Mephitis Kurten and Anderson p. 164
1988	Mephitis Carroll
1998	Mephitis Baskin p. 160
2004	Mephitis Marmi et al. p. 491
2005	Mephitis Wang et al. p. 937

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals

Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344

Allen J. A. (1901) The generic names of the Mephitinae, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 14 22, 325-334

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Baskin J. A. (1998) Mustelidae, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 152-173

Marmi J., López-Giráldez J. F., et al (2004) Phylogeny, evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Mustelidae based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene and a complex repetitive flanking region, Zoologica Scripta 33 6, 481-499

Wang X., Whistler D. P., et al (2005) A New Basal Skunk Martinogale (Carnivora, Mephitinae) From Late Miocene Dove Spring Formation, California, and Origin of New World Mephitines, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 4, 936-949 doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0936:ANBSMC]2.0.CO;2

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds., 1999: null. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. xxv + 750. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Mag. Encyclop., 2 (6) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Roskov, Y. et al. (2017) Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 30th July 2015. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858. http://www.catalogueoflife.org - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family (except Lontra, Enhydra) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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