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Pipunculidae

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Description

Pipunculidae is a family of flies (Diptera) commonly termed big-headed flies, a reference to the large (holoptic) eyes, which cover nearly the entire head. The family is found worldwide and more than 1300 species have been described.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipunculidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5583	https://www.gbif.org/species/5583
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	139158	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=139158

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Pipunculidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
-	Aparaglossata
-	Mecopterida
superorder	Antliophora
order	Diptera	Linnaeus 1758
-	Neodiptera	Michelsen 1994
suborder	Brachycera	Zetterstedt 1842
-	Heterodactyla
-	Eremoneura	Grimaldi and Cumming 1999
suborder	Cyclorrhapha
family	Pipunculidae	Zetterstedt 1842

Common Name

big-headed fly

Scientific Name

Pipunculidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pipunculidae	family	belongs to Brachycera	stated without evidence	Carpenter, 1992
Pipunculidae	family	belongs to Cyclorrhapha	stated with evidence	Wiegmann et al., 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (44%)

First Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

F. M. Carpenter. 1992. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4:1-655

Common Name(s)

Oogkopvliegen, Big-headed Flies, ögonflugor, Big-headed Fly

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipunculidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Nephrocerinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		2	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Pipunculinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Protonephrocerinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Allomethus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Amazunculus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Basileunculus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cephalops genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cephalosphaera genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Chalarus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Claraeola genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clistoabdominalis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Collinias genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dasydorylas genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dorylas genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dorylomorpha genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Elmohardyia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Eudorylas genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	20.4 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Jassidophaga genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Metanephrocerus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Microcephalops genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nephrocerus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Pipunculus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Priabona ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Protonephrocerus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Protoverrallia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Tomosvaryella genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Verrallia genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Clystoabdominalis digitatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clystoabdominalis gremialis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clystoabdominalis lambkinea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clystoabdominalis scintillatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Clystoabdominalis yeatesi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Dorylos orientalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1842	Pipunculidae Zetterstedt p. 4
1992	Pipunculidae Carpenter
2011	Pipunculidae Wiegmann et al.

References

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Wiegmann B. M., Trautwein M. D., et al (2011) Episodic radiations in the fly tree of life, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, 5690-5695

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Systema Dipterorum (2013) http://www.diptera.org/About.php - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Vockeroth, J. R.,Peterson, B. V.,Wood, D. M.,Teskey, H. J.,McAlpine, J. F.,Shewell, G. E.,Hardy, D. E. (1987.03.31) Chapter 53. Pipunculidae - via The Diptera Site

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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