| Source Data | |
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| Rank | genus (PBDB) |
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| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Archaeopteryx |
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Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
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| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
|---|
| Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Owen, 1862 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | Owen, 1864 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Saururae | stated without evidence | Marsh, 1880 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Saururae | stated with evidence | Zittel, 1890 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeornithes | stated with evidence | Gadow, 1898 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated without evidence | Hay, 1902 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archornithes | stated without evidence | Jaekel, 1911 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated without evidence | Petronievics, 1927 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated with evidence | Wetmore, 1960 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated without evidence | Osmolska, 1981 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Gardiner, 1982 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | Charig, 1985 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Coelurosauria | stated without evidence | Gauthier and Padian, 1985 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | Bakker, 1986 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated without evidence | Gauthier, 1986 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopteryginae | stated without evidence | Paul, 1988 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Coelurosauria | stated without evidence | Gauthier et al., 1989 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygiformes | stated with evidence | Chatterjee, 1991 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated without evidence | Perle et al., 1993 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Maniraptora | stated with evidence | Holtz, 1994 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated without evidence | Ji and Ji, 1997 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | Sereno, 1997 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Sereno, 1998 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated without evidence | Norell and Clarke, 2001 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Chiappe, 2002 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated without evidence | Maryanska et al., 2002 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | Rauhut, 2003 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated without evidence | Padian, 2004 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archosauria | stated with evidence | Senter, 2004 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Senter et al., 2004 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Archaeopterygidae | stated with evidence | Mayr et al., 2007 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | Chatterjee and Templin, 2007 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated without evidence | Ji and Ji, 2007 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated with evidence | Lee and Worthy, 2011 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated without evidence | Gianechini et al., 2011 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | O'Connor and Zelenkov, 2013 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated with evidence | Godefroit et al., 2013 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Wang et al., 2014 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated without evidence | O'Connor et al., 2014 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Paraves | stated with evidence | O'Connor and Sullivan, 2014 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Aves | stated with evidence | Wang and Liu, 2015 | | Archaeopteryx | genus | belongs to Avialae | stated with evidence | Kundrát et al., 2019 |
|
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 3 |
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| First Recorded Appearance | 152 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic |
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| Last Recorded Appearance | 130 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous |
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| Environment | coastal (based on Archaeopteryx) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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| Diet | piscivore, insectivore (based on Archaeopteryx) |
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| Reproduction | oviparous (based on Archaeopteryx) |
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| Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda) |
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| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | H. v. Meyer. 1861. [Die Feder von Solenhofen] [The feather of Solnhofen]. Neues Jahrbuch fĂĽr Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1861:678-679 |
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| Meyer H. v. [Die Feder von Solenhofen] [The feather of Solnhofen], Neues Jahrbuch fĂĽr Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1861, 678-679 |
| Owen R. On the fossil remains of a long-tailed bird (Archeopteryx macrurus, Ow) from the Lithographic Slate of Solenhofen, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 12, 272-273 |
| Marsh O. C. Odontornithes: A monograph on the extinct toothed birds of North America, Report of the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel, made by order of the Secretary of War according to acts of Congress of March 2, 1867, and March 3, 1869, under the direction of Brig. and Bvt. Major General A. A. Humphreys, Chief of Engineers by Clarence King, U.S. Geologist. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 7, 1-201 |
| Zittel K. A. v. , Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abteilung Paleozoologie. III. Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves) [Handbook of Paleontology. Division I. Paleozoology. Volume III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves)], xii-900 |
| Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82 |
| Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868 |
| Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Ăśbersicht ĂĽber die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252 |
| Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024 |
| Wetmore A. (1960) A classification for the birds of the world, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 139 11, 1-37 |
| Osmolska H. (1981) Coossified tarsometatarsi in theropod dinosaurs and their bearing on the problem of bird origins, Palaeontologica Polonica 42, 79-95 |
| Gauthier J. A., Padian K. (1985) Phylogenetic, functional, and aerodynamic analyses of the origin of birds and their flight, In M. K. Hecht, J. H. Ostrom, G. Viohl, and P. Wellnhofer (eds.), The Beginnings of Birds: Proceedings of the International Archaeopteryx Conference, Eichstätt 1984. Freunde des Jura-Museums Eichstätt, Eichstätt, 185-197 |
| Howgate M. E. (1985) Problems of the osteology of Archaeopteryx: is the Eichstätt specimen a distinct genus?, In M. K. Hecht, J. H. Ostrom, G. Viohl, and P. Wellnhofer (eds.), The Beginnings of Birds: Proceedings of the International Archaeopteryx Conference, Eichstätt 1984. Freunde des Jura-Museums Eichstätt, Eichstätt, 105-112 |
| Bakker R. T. (1986) , The Dinosaur Heresies. William Morrow and Company, Inc, New York, 1-481 |
| Gauthier J. A. (1986) Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds, The Origin of Birds and the Evolution of Flight, K. Padian (ed.), Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences 8, 1-55 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Paul G. S. (1988) , Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. Simon & Schuster, New York, 1-464 |
| Gauthier J. A., Cannatella D., et al (1989) Tetrapod phylogeny, In B. Fernholm, K. Bremer, & H. Jörnvall (eds.), The Hierarchy of Life. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, 337-353 |
| Chatterjee S. (1991) Cranial anatomy and relationships of a new Triassic bird from Texas, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 332, 277-342 |
| Perle A., Norell M. A., et al (1993) Flightless bird from the Cretaceous of Mongolia, Nature 362, 623-626 |
| Holtz, Jr. T. R. (1994) The phylogenetic position of the Tyrannosauridae: implications for theropod systematics, Journal of Paleontology 68 5, 1100-1117 |
| Ji Q., Ji S.-A. (1997) [Protarchaeopteryx gen. nov.—a new genus of Archaeopterygidae in China], Chinese Geology 238 3, 38-41 |
| Sereno P. C. (1997) The origin and evolution of dinosaurs, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 25, 435-489 |
| Sereno P. C. (1998) A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 210 1, 41-83 |
| Ji Q., Chiappe L. M., et al (1999) A new late Mesozoic confuciusornithid bird from China, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 1, 1-7 |
| Sereno P. C. (1999) The evolution of dinosaurs, Science 284, 2137-2147 |
| Norell M. A., Clarke J. A. (2001) Fossil that fills a critical gap in avian evolution, Nature 409, 181-184 |
| Chiappe L. M. (2002) Basal bird phylogeny: problems and solutions, Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs. University of California Press, Berkeley, 448-472 |
| Maryanska T., OsmĂłlska H., et al (2002) Avialan status for Oviraptorosauria, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 1, 97-116 |
| Rauhut O. W. M. (2003) The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs, Special Papers in Palaeontology 69, 1-213 |
| Padian K. (2004) Basal Avialae, In D. B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, and H. OsmĂłlska (eds.), The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 210-231 |
| Senter P. (2004) Phylogeny of Drepanosauridae (Reptilia: Diapsida), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2 3, 257-268 doi:10.1017/S1477201904001427 |
| Senter P., Barsbold R., et al (2004) Systematics and evolution of Dromaeosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda), Bulletin of the Gunma Museum of Natural History 8, 1-20 |
| Lee M. S. Y., Worthy T. (2011) Likelihood reinstates Archaeopteryx as a primitive bird, Biology Letters, 1-5 doi:10.1098/rsbl.2011.0884 |
| Godefroit P., Cau A., et al (2013) A Jurassic avialan dinosaur from China resolves the early phylogenetic history of birds, Nature doi:10.1038/nature12168 |
| O'Connor J. K., Zelenkov N. V. (2013) The phylogenetic position of Ambiortus: comparison with other Mesozoic birds from Asia, Paleontological Journal 47 11, 1270-1281 |
| O'Connor J. K., Averianov A. O., et al (2014) A confuciusornithiform (Aves, Pygostylia)-like tarsometatarsus from the Early Cretaceous of Siberia and a discussion of the evolution of avian hind limb musculature, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 3, 647-656 |
| O'Connor J. K., Sullivan C. (2014) Reinterpretation of the Early Cretaceous maniraptoran (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Zhongornis haoae as a scanoriopterygid-like non-avian, and morphological resemblances between scansoriopterygids and basal oviraptorosaurs, Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 1, 3-30 |
| Wang X., O'Connor J. K., et al (2014) Insights into the evolution of rachis dominated tail feathers from a new basal enantiornithine (Aves: Ornithothoraces), Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 113, 806-819 |
| Wang M., Zhou Z.-H., et al (2014) A new diverse enantiornithine family (Bohaiornithidae fam. nov.) from the Lower Cretaceous of China with information from two new species, Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 1, 31-76 |
| Zhang Y., O'Connor J., et al (2014) New information on the anatomy of the Chinese Early Cretaceous Bohaiornithidae (Aves: Enantiornithes) from a subadult specimen of Zhourornis hani, PeerJ 2, e407 |
| Wang M., Liu D. (2015) Taxonomical reappraisal of Cathayornithidae (Aves: Enantiornithes), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2014.994087 |
| Wang M., Zheng X., et al (2015) The oldest record of Ornithuromorpha from the Early Cretaceous of China, Nature Communications 6 6987 doi:10.1038/ncomms7987 |
| Kundrát M., Nudds J., et al (2019) The first specimen of Archaeopteryx from the Upper Jurassic Mörnsheim Formation of Germany, Historical Biology 31 1, 3-63 doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2018.1518443 |
Archaeopteryx âśť
